Electrically Conductive Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film‐Based On‐Chip Micro‐Biosensor: A Platform to Unravel Surface Morphology‐Dependent Biosensing

Chen, Xin; Dong, Junjie; Chi, Kai; Wang, Liangjie; Xiao, Fei; Wang, Shuai; Zhao, Yan; Liu, Yunqi

doi:10.1002/adfm.202102855

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Benzenehexathiol (BHT) was prepared according to the literature. [12,17] DPPTT was purchased from Ossila Co., Ltd., England. A silicon wafer with a layer of SiO 2 (300 nm) was purchased from Suzhou Jing xi Tech.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Conductive Metal−Organic Frameworks Nanotubes for Ultrahigh‐Performance Flexible NO Sensors

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Small Methods

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Additionally, the number of Cu 2c (the Cu 2c in the crystal defects bound with two S atoms) in the Cu-BHT structure is the primary factor affecting the Cu-BHT-based sensing devices' performance. [6,17] However, the Cu-BHT's crystal structure makes its specific surface smaller than that of the conventional metal-organic frameworks, which significantly affects its application in electrocatalysts and sensors. Thus, the preparation of Cu-BHT with a large surface area and abundant Cu 2c on the surface is a crucial factor in improving the performance of Cu-BHT-based devices.Gaseous pollutants, emitted by car engines or other combustion processes, are attracting attention because of their threat to the human body, such as physiological dysfunctions, chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Consequently, various materials have been utilized to detect toxic gases, such as metal oxide semiconductors, [29,30] MXene/noble metal, [31][32][33][34] ion-conducting hydrogels, and organohydrogels. [35,36] Among gaseous pollutants, nitric oxide (NO), as a marker for airway inflammations, plays a major role in biological functions and pathological processes. [37,38] Measurement of exhaled NO has applications in diagnosing and monitoring inflammation, and the information obtained can be used as a tool for managing asthma treatment. Therefore, developing sensors to detect NO gas is critical for diagnosing and monitoring an asthma patient or ambient monitoring.Among different types of NO gas sensors, organic field-effect transistor (OFET) based sensors are increasingly attracting attention owing to their gate-induced tunable channel conductivities, amplification effects, concurrent actualization of processing, memory functions, miniaturized size, solution processing, and low power consumption. [39,40] Alternatively, many parameters, such as transport mobility (μ), threshold voltage (V Th ), current on/off ratio (I on /I off ), and subthreshold swing (SS), can be characterized the gas-sensing performance in a sensor based on an OFET device. In addition, the electronic properties of the semiconductor materials can be flexibly tuned to improve specificity. [41] However, due to the weak affinity with NO gas, the OFET device's sensitivity to detect NO gas was limited. Recently, the formation of heterostructure is known to be a promising strategy to enhance sensitivity and improve selectivity of gas sensing. [42][43][44] Cu-benzenehexathiol (Cu-BHT) has attracted significant attention due to its record high electrical conductivity and crystal defects Cu 2c . However, the nonporous structure and small specific surface area of Cu-BHT with twodimensional kagome lattice invariably limit its practical application in sensing and catalysis. In this work, Cu-BHT nanotubes (Cu-BHT-NTs) are designed and prepared via a facile homogeneous reaction to solve these problems. Compared with the traditional nanorod-like structure, the Cu-BHT-NTs not only have a higher specific surface area but also possess a higher pro...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Conductive Metal−Organic Frameworks Nanotubes for Ultrahigh‐Performance Flexible NO Sensors

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Small Methods

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“…The CV features in the absence of H 2 O 2 (Figure S23, Supporting Information) reveal the transition between [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] 0 and [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] − (S 2 = dithiolene): , the cathodic peak I represents the reductive transformation from [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] 0 to [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] − , while the anodic peak II is attributed to the oxidative transition from [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] − to [Cu(S 2 ) 2 ] 0 . Based on this, the boosted electrochemical conversion mechanism of H 2 O 2 on Cu-BHT is proposed with the following equations: false[ Cu false( normalS 2 false) 2 false] 0 + normale − → false[ Cu false( normalS 2 false) 2 false] − false[ Cu false( normalS 2 false) 2 false] − + normalH 2 normalO 2 → false[ Cu false( normalS 2 false) 2 false] − normal−H 2 normalO 2 false[ Cu false( normalS 2 false) 2 false] − normal−H 2 normalO 2 + normalH ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, BHT-based 2D conductive MOFs have been reported to have promising applications in transistors, 11,18 sensors, 17,19 energy storage, 8,20 and electrocatalysis. 13,14 Defects are ubiquitous in crystals and have a significant impact on both the physical and chemical properties of crystals. 21 It is also inevitable that some atoms deviate from ideal positions in the 2D MOFs crystal structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect Engineering To Tailor Metal Vacancies in 2D Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks: An Example in Electrochemical Sensing

Luo

Braun

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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Two-dimensional conductive metal–organic frameworks (2D conductive MOFs) with π–d conjugations exhibit high electrical conductivity and diverse coordination structures, making them constitute a desirable platform for new electronic devices. Defects are inevitable in the self-assembly process of 2D conductive MOFs. Arguably, defect engineering that deliberately manipulates defects demonstrates great potential to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of this family of novel materials. Herein, a facile and universal defect engineering strategy is proposed and demonstrated for metal vacancy regulation of metal benzenehexathiolato (BHT) coordination polymer films. Controllable metal vacancies can be produced by simply tuning the proton concentration during the confined self-assembly process at the liquid–liquid interface. This facile but universal defect design strategy has been proven to be effective in a class of materials including Cu-BHT, Ni-BHT, and Ag-BHT for physicochemical regulation. To further demonstrate the feasibility and practicality in electrochemical applications, the elaborately fabricated Cu-BHT films with abundant Cu vacancies deliver competitive performance in electrocatalytic sensing of H2O2. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the Cu vacancies act as effective active sites for adsorption and reduction of H2O2, and the tuned electronic structure boosts the electrocatalytic reaction. The developed advanced sensing platform confirms the excellent commercial potential of Cu-BHT sensors for H2O2. The findings provide insights into the molecular structure design of 2D conducting MOFs by defect engineering and demonstrate the commercial potential of Cu-BHT electrochemical sensors.

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“…Liu et al . [ 54 ] obtained a Cu‐benzene‐hexamercaptan (Cu‐BHT) film with a flat upper surface and a synaptic structure on the lower surface through the gas‐liquid interface method. Compared with the smooth upper surface, the synaptic structure on the bottom surface has dense crystal defects (ts‐Cu), which act as nanoenzymes and play an important role in improving H 2 O 2 sensing performance.…”

Section: Synthetic Approaches Of 2d Mofs/cofsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks

2022

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Comprehensive Summary Two‐dimensional (2D) metal/covalent organic framework (MOF/COF) materials have ultra‐thin thickness and large surface area. These advantages bestow them the characteristics of low resistance and high flux in the process of material transportation. Meanwhile, more active sites promote their application in the fields of catalysis and sensing. Recently, 2D MOF/COF materials usher in a new wave of research. It is necessary to summarize the latest developments in this field in a timely and systematic manner and clarify future trends. In this review, we firstly introduce the advantages of 2D MOF/COF materials in hetero‐porous structure and functional modification. Then, we discuss advanced strategies for preparing 2D MOF/COF materials, such as in‐situ growth, interface synthesis, exfoliation method, electrochemical method, surfactant‐assisted synthesis, and laminated assembly of MOF/COF nanosheets. Finally, we summarize the applications of 2D MOF/COF materials in membrane separation, sensors, and energy storage. In addition, we discuss some unresolved scientific and technological challenges related to the future prospects of this field.

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Electrically Conductive Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film‐Based On‐Chip Micro‐Biosensor: A Platform to Unravel Surface Morphology‐Dependent Biosensing

Cited by 39 publications

References 65 publications

Facile Synthesis of Conductive Metal−Organic Frameworks Nanotubes for Ultrahigh‐Performance Flexible NO Sensors

Facile Synthesis of Conductive Metal−Organic Frameworks Nanotubes for Ultrahigh‐Performance Flexible NO Sensors

Defect Engineering To Tailor Metal Vacancies in 2D Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks: An Example in Electrochemical Sensing

Two‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks

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