Electrically Conductive Polymeric Nanocomposites Prepared in Alcohol Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Kim, Don-Young; Jung, Rira; Kim, Hun‐Sik; Jin, Hyoung‐Joon

doi:10.1080/15421400802330853

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It was determined that the same percentage of isopropanol added to a mixture would result in higher conductivity, and similar permittivity, compared to those using acetone. This increase in conductivity was thought to be a consequence of the dispersion effect of alcohols on graphite and carbon black causing more conductive pathways [28]. This effect was especially significant for mixtures involving higher percentages of graphite and carbon black, such as the candidate blood and brain TMMs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In particular, by substituting isopropanol for acetone, the conductivity should be boosted since alcohols are known to hinder agglomeration of graphite and carbon black leading to more conducting pathways [28]. Results, shown in Section 2.3, demonstrate that isopropanol indeed provides the increase in conductivity needed to mimic the tissues adequately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomically and Dielectrically Realistic Microwave Head Phantom With Circulation and Reconfigurable Lesions

McDermott¹,

Porter²,

Santorelli³

et al. 2017

PIER B

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Abstract-Phantoms provide valuable test platforms for developing medical devices. Solid materials in particular allow fabrication of stable and robust models. This paper presents a novel, anatomically realistic, multi-layered head phantom made from dielectrically accurate, stable, easily mouldable, lowcost tissue-mimicking materials for testing of microwave diagnostic systems. Also incorporated is a mechanism for inserting reconfigurable lesions and a novel circulatory system modelling physiology. Tissue-mimicking materials composed of graphite, carbon black, and polyurethane with small volumes of acetone or isopropanol were fabricated and dielectric properties were measured across the 1-8.5 GHz band. The tissue-mimicking material properties were adjusted until their dielectric properties matched those of reference values for target tissues of interest, thereby emulating: weighted aggregates of head tissues external to the brain, tissues comprising the brain, and blood. 3D printed anatomically realistic head and brain moulds cast the phantom mixtures for each layer. Cylindrical holes in the brain layer allow insertion of pathological lesion phantoms, such as haemorrhages. Tubing embedded in the brain layer forms a symmetrical loop providing a novel simplistic model of circulation. The resulting head phantom is anatomically realistic, dielectrically stable, enables pathology modelling, and has, uniquely, a circulatory loop.This novel head phantom provides a valuable test platform for microwave diagnostic studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomically and Dielectrically Realistic Microwave Head Phantom With Circulation and Reconfigurable Lesions

McDermott¹,

Porter²,

Santorelli³

et al. 2017

PIER B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although these unusually high conductivity tissues were not a focus for this study, this result proves the versatility of this TMM in reaching extremely high conductivities. This increase in conductivity compared to acetone is postulated to be a result of the dispersion effect of the alcohol on graphite and carbon black resulting in more conducting pathways in the material (Kim et al, 2008).…”

Section: E Effect Of Isopropanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increase in conductivity is postulated to be a result of enhanced dispersion of graphite and carbon black in isopropanol. Alcohols are known to prevent agglomeration of these materials resulting in more conducting pathways (Kim et al, 2008).…”

Section: Page 4 Of 12 Author Submitted Manuscript -Bpex-100742r1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable tissue-mimicking materials and an anatomically realistic, adjustable head phantom for electrical impedance tomography

McDermott

McGinley

Krukiewicz

et al. 2017

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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To develop dielectrically accurate, easy to mould solid tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) for use with electrical impedance tomography and combine them into a head phantom with realistic anatomy and adjustable pathological lesions. Methods: The conductivity profiles of fat and blood, which span those of most biological tissues, along with aggregate models of the tissues of the head external to the brain, the tissues of the brain, and the cerebellum are identified across the 1 kHz -1 MHz band. TMM mixtures made from polyurethane, graphite, carbon black and either acetone or isopropanol are fabricated to emulate the conductivity profiles of the reference tissues. 3Dprinted anatomically realistic moulds of the head and brain are used to cast a two-layer head and brain phantom with cylindrical holes left to allow addition of phantom pathological lesions such as haemorrhages. Results: The tissue-mimicking material spans a wide biological range of fat to blood and is adjustable to match any target tissue. Uniquely, the material is mechanically stable and easy to mould. The fabricated head phantom has excellent anatomic realism, and can represent a healthy brain or one with pathological lesions. The added lesions are easy to adjust in terms of size, shape, and material properties. Conclusion: The presented TMMs can be used to fabricate realistic phantoms for use in electrical impedance tomography studies of most tissue sets. Significance: These tissue-mimicking materials are an important development in phantom technology for electrical impedance tomography; the sample head phantom demonstrates the value and flexibility of the TMMs.

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Dispersibility study of carbon nanotubes using multiple light scattering: A mini-review

Yoon

Thompson²,

Hwang

2023

Colloid and Interface Science Communications

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Electrically Conductive Polymeric Nanocomposites Prepared in Alcohol Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Anatomically and Dielectrically Realistic Microwave Head Phantom With Circulation and Reconfigurable Lesions

Anatomically and Dielectrically Realistic Microwave Head Phantom With Circulation and Reconfigurable Lesions

Stable tissue-mimicking materials and an anatomically realistic, adjustable head phantom for electrical impedance tomography

Dispersibility study of carbon nanotubes using multiple light scattering: A mini-review

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