Electricity production from biogas in Serbia: Assessment of emissions reduction

Abstract

Biogas represents a promising source for the production of clean energy. The objective of this paper was to quantify the potential for the reduction of emissions to the environment during the production of electricity from biogas in comparison with environmental effects of the production of the same amount of electricity from fossil resources (coal from Kolubara basin and natural gas). Basis for comparison of environmental impacts in this work was the annual production of electricity in biogas plants of the total capacity of 80 MW. This study has shown that the annual production of electricity from biogas power plants of 80 MW results in: substitution of up to 840 kt of coal from Kolubara basin and 123.2 million m 3 of natural gas; reduction of greenhouse gases emissions in the range of 491.16 kt to 604.97 kt CO 2eq , depending on the energy efficiency of the process of electricity production from biogas; reduction of greenhouse gases emissions up to 92.37 kt CO 2eq compared to the use of natural gas for electricity generation.

Optimization of a polygeneration system for energy demands of a livestock farm

“…The annual performance data gathered through an energy audit and the results of a steady-state energy balance of the farm and its major energy processes used to generate most profitable energy supply technologies [61,62] pinpointed biogas CHP as the most profitable option. Hence, biogas applications including biogas co-generation and electricity production, which lead to positive economic an environmental effects [63][64][65][66][67][68], are an inevitable part of a livestock farm energy system case study, whereas application of other polygeneration technologies on livestock farms are not as present in the literature.…”

“…Configuration is defined by the modules constituting the polygeneration system, whereas the nominal capacity is defined by the sum of the nominal heating, cooling and electricity production capacities of the modules constituting the polygeneration system. Capacity for production of fertilizer, a consequence of operation of a configuration of the polygenera-tion system which includes biogas co-generation [61][62][63][64][65][66][67], is given secondary significance with negligible impact on the optimisation criteria, since organic waste available for biogas and fertilizer production is applied on the farms land as organic fertilizer. The optimization variables are selected to define the capacity of the polygeneration system: Power of the CHP module (P CHP ), heating capacity of the GSHP (P GSHP ), cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller module (P ADSC ), surface of the solar thermal collector array (A STC ), surface of the PV collector array (A PV ), volume of the hot water storage tank (V HWST ), and volume of the cold water storage tank (V CWST ).…”

On the laminar combustion characteristics of natural gas-syngas-air mixtures

“…The coal gasification technology, which is not only a clean combustion technology, but also a high efficient way for the utilization of coal resources, has a great potential for development. Coal gasification is the process of producing syngas, which is a mixture consisting primarily of CO, hydrogen (H 2, ) and CH 4 , [1]. The synthetic gas was a popular alternative fuel in the gas turbine industry [2], and it can be used as fuel for the other internal combustion engines [3].…”

Smart municipal energy grid within electricity market

“…For heat production only it is hard to run units for more than 2,500-3,000 hours per year [14] therefore utilization should be increased selling the energy to the national grid within feed in tariff scheme [12,15,16] or participating at electricity markets. The specific investment costs for the CHP plant based on biogas engine vary with the plant size 800-9,000 €/kW el [17][18][19]. More precisely they can be estimated for each size using formula from [20].…”

“…The carbon content of a biogas varies from 25%-45% [16,19,24]. Based on emission factors for different energy sources [19] and equipment [26], emission constrained dispatch might be done in HOMER with respect to the environmental constraints.…”