Electro-Optic Microwave-Lightwave Converters Utilizing Patch Antennas With Orthogonal Gaps

Abstract

We propose a new electro-optic microwave-lightwave converter using two orthogonal optical waveguides and patch antennas embedded with two orthogonal gaps. Wireless microwave signals can be received, separated and converted directly to lightwave signals through optical modulation using the proposed device. This device operates with no external power supply and with low microwave distortion. In addition, it enables us to measure the magnitude, phase and polarization of the wireless signal simultaneously. Experimental demonstrations of the device were presented at the operation frequency of 26 GHz. The device can be applied for electromagnetic compatibility test in the radio-over-fiber link.

Antenna-coupled silicon-organic hybrid integrated photonic crystal modulator for broadband electromagnetic wave detection

“…10 (c), from which a 3-dB bandwidth of 11GHz is measured. Next, another measurement is performed to demonstrate the highfrequency modulation using a sideband detection technique [34,[62][63][64][65]. The transmission spectrum of the modulator is measure by the optical spectrum analyzer.…”

Broadband energy-efficient optical modulation by hybrid integration of silicon nanophotonics and organic electro-optic polymer

“…At higher modulation frequencies, the power of the sidebands becomes lower due to the combined effects of decreased electric potential drop across the slot, reduced output power of the RF source, and increased RF loss on the feeding cable and the probe. Since the power of the main peak and first sideband is proportional to the square of the zero-order and first-order Bessel function of the first kind (Ji, i=0,1) as a function of phase modulation index (η) which represents the achieved phase shift (unit: b a radians), by measuring the ratio of the main peak power and sideband power (J0 2 (η)/ J0 2 (η) ≈ (2/η) 2 ), the phase modulation index (η) can be extracted [32,[44][45][46]. The obtained modulation index as a function of modulation frequency is plotted as the red curve shown in Fig.…”

Miniaturized low-power electro-optic modulator based on silicon integrated nanophotonics and organic polymers

“…Note that the upper frequency of this measurement is limited by the upper limit of our microwave spectrum analyzer (MSA), which is ~26GHz. Next, in order to overcome this measurement limit and measure the frequency response at frequencies over 26GHz, we perform another measurement using sideband detection technique [6,[32][33][34]. The optical output of the modulator is directly connected to the optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), and the optical transmission spectrum of the modulator is measured.…”