Electro-optics poled sol–gel materials doped with heterocycle push–pull chromophores

Giustina, Gioia Della; Brusatin, Giovanna; Guglielmi, Massimo; Dispenza, M.; Fiorello, Anna Maria; Varasi, M.; Casalboni, M.; Quatela, Alessia; F, De Matteis; Giorgetti, E.; Margheri, Giancarlo; Innocenzi, Plinio; Abbotto, Alessandro; Beverina, Luca; Pagani, Giorgio A.

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2005.09.049

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Our group took advantage of such a concept and in addition utilized the low E ge energy of five-member heterocycles in the synthesis and characterization of the following systems (Scheme ). , Our group used some of the above dicyanomethanidopyridinium zwitterions as building blocks to prepare functional materials having nonlinear optical behavior: (a) Langmuir–Blodgett films with 26 . − (b) Sol–gel structures with 27 . − (c) Cross-linked poly(amino-amide) matrixes with 28 .…”

Section: Zwitterions Containing Heteroaromatic And/or Nitrile Functio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

2013

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The very peculiar characteristics of zwitterions, as well as a clearand unambiguous definition, have been overlooked in past literature. However, these compounds are particularly important in view of the impact they have had in the recent past and will likely continue to have in the future as components of performing functional organic and hybrid materials. In this Account, we primarily aim to define critically important organic concepts of zwitterions regarding both their design and nomenclature. We will particularly focus on a specific kind of zwitterions we define as π-conjugated zwitterions. These types of zwitterions are systems pertaining to the class ofdonor-acceptor (push-pull) molecules. In the ground state, they are preferentially represented in terms of an electron donor moiety bearing a negative net charge, and electron acceptor one bearing a positive net charge connected by a conjugated bridge. As such, they are possibly the most effective example of push-pull structure, possessing relevant features for applications like nonlinear optics, photovoltaics, imaging, and high capacitance dielectrics. In addition, the interaction between these dipolar compounds and the environment is highly specific and can be exploited in the construction of well-organized nanostructures, both in solution and in the solid state. According to the Gold Book of IUPAC for nomenclature, the distinction between zwitterions and the charged molecule called a betaine is subtle. The betaine is a particular class of zwitterion possessing an onium atom not bearing a hydrogen. The two terms are often considered equivalent, thus generating confusion while retrieving literature. In this Account, we define and describe π-conjugated zwitterions systems that are dipolar in the ground state, admitting resonance limiting structures that are neutral and chargeless. For the purpose of this Account and to the benefit of researchers striving to retrieve materials-related zwitterion literature data, we suggest to use the term π-zwitterions instead of the commonly used plain term "zwitterions". We show that this definition enables the clear identification of a class of compounds having unique properties distinct from "dipolar conjugated compounds." We describe the most common donor and acceptor groups in π-zwitterions. In particular, we focus our attention on the special case of the nitrile functionality, which tends to be contiguous to a negative charge. We also address special emphasis to benzenoid components that are substituted by heteroaromatic units in π-zwitterions, because the HOMO-LUMO energetic consequences are specifically involved in these cases. We make reference to the paradigmatic case of π-zwitterions second order nonlinear optical properties. Here, the value of the first hyperpolarizability β versus the alternation in bond length turns out to be a measure of the balance of the chargeless and the dipolar contribution to the description of the zwitterion ground state. We also report literature data, collected both from our group and...

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Section: Zwitterions Containing Heteroaromatic And/or Nitrile Functio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

2013

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“…It can be seen that the coupling agent increases more or less has little effect, in this paper the coupling agent is 3‐Glycidoxypropyldimethoxymethylsilane (GDMMS). The coupling agent is colorless and transparent and is able to undergo a coupling reaction at a certain temperature to form certain reticular connections, [ 45 ] which is conducive to the realization of Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets coupled to form a whole.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Wearable Ti₃C₂T_x Composite Carbon Fabric Textile with Infrared Stealth and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effect

Chen,

Jiang,

Huang

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Ti3C2Tx materials have been developed to have application space in many fields, but there are not many works that can be compatible with infrared (IR) stealth and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding at the same time. To realize the multiband high EMI shielding of Ti3C2Tx materials, and to achieve stealth effect in the IR band, in this work, a composite textile is prepared by combining the Ti3C2Tx material with a carbon cloth and sputtering a very thin gold film on the surface. This composite textile can realize high EMI shielding compatible with IR stealth, in which the EMI shielding efficiency for microwave Xa‐band (8GHza‐12.4GHz) is up to 71.8 dB, for microwave Kaa‐band (26.5GHza‐40GHz) is up to 75.02 dB, and for terahertza‐band is about 30 dB. IR emissivity is as low as 0.1, and the lowest emissivity under a certain temperature reaches 0.07, which can withstand a high temperature of 500 °C. In addition, this composite textile has flexible and bendable wear. The thickness of the whole textile is about 400 µm, of which the Ti3C2Tx material thickness is only about 10 µm, the thinnest reaches 2 µm. Such a textile can be used in both people's livelihood and military applications, which has far‐reaching significance.

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“…In a chromophores-containing polymeric film, the non-centrosymmetric order implies a nanoscale order of the permanent dipolar moment of chromophores along a preferential direction. This phenomenon is attractive for second order nonlinear optical applications [3][4][5]. In fact, by means of the SHG, it is possible to follow in situ the orientation of the chromophores embedded in the polymer [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility of DR1 Molecules Embedded in Nanostructured PMMA Films

García-Macedo

Franco

Valverde-Aguilar

et al. 2009

JNanoR

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The kinetics of the orientation of Disperse Red 1 (DR1) molecules embedded in nanostructured Polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) films was studied under the effect of an intense constant electric poling field. The changes in the orientation distribution of the DR1 molecules were followed by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) measurements. The SHG signal was recorded as function of time at three different temperatures. We focused on both, the signal increases under the presence of the poling field and the signal decays without the poling field. The studied PMMA films were nanostructured by the incorporation of ionic surfactants as the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and the Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) during their preparation. The kinds of nanostructures obtained in the films were determined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Substantial differences in signal intensity and in growth and decay rates between amorphous and nanostructured films were found.

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Electro-optics poled sol–gel materials doped with heterocycle push–pull chromophores

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

Flexible Wearable Ti₃C₂T_x Composite Carbon Fabric Textile with Infrared Stealth and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effect

Mobility of DR1 Molecules Embedded in Nanostructured PMMA Films

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Electro-optics poled sol–gel materials doped with heterocycle push–pull chromophores

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

π-Conjugated Zwitterions as Paradigm of Donor–Acceptor Building Blocks in Organic-Based Materials

Flexible Wearable Ti3C2Tx Composite Carbon Fabric Textile with Infrared Stealth and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effect

Mobility of DR1 Molecules Embedded in Nanostructured PMMA Films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Flexible Wearable Ti₃C₂T_x Composite Carbon Fabric Textile with Infrared Stealth and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effect