Electroactive Organic Building Blocks for the Chemical Design of Functional Porous Frameworks (MOFs and COFs) in Electronics

Abstract

Electroactive organic molecules have received a lot of attention in the field of electronics because of their fascinating electronic properties, easy functionalization and potential low cost towards their implementation in electronic devices. In recent years, electroactive organic molecules have also emerged as promising building blocks for the design and construction of crystalline porous frameworks such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs) for applications in electronics. Such porous materials present certain additional advantages such as, for example, an immense structural and functional versatility, combination of porosity with multiple electronic properties and the possibility of tuning their physical properties by post‐synthetic modifications. In this Review, we summarize the main electroactive organic building blocks used in the past few years for the design and construction of functional porous materials (MOFs and COFs) for electronics with special emphasis on their electronic structure and function relationships. The different building blocks have been classified based on the electronic nature and main function of the resulting porous frameworks. The design and synthesis of novel electroactive organic molecules is encouraged towards the construction of functional porous frameworks exhibiting new functions and applications in electronics.

Electrical conductivity and magnetic bistability in metal–organic frameworks and coordination polymers: charge transport and spin crossover at the nanoscale

“…However, in the last decade this situation has started to change with the appearance of various strategies to produce highly conductive CPs 27,[44][45][46] and specially MOFs. 26,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] This has allowed researchers to envision the future integration of these materials as active elements in functional electronic devices. 24,25,57,58 Next, a brief description and classification of the different mechanistic approaches for conductive MOFs and CPs is presented.…”

Perspectives for polychlorinated trityl radicals

“…[58][59][60] Beyond their inherent porosity, reticular materials offer rich chemical and structural versatility, allowing them to be conferred with additional functional properties such as magnetism and electrical or optical properties -typically, via fine-designing their frameworks. [61][62][63][64] Such properties can in turn be modulated by using the intrinsic porosity of the frameworks to create devices such as sensors. 64 The design of magnetic reticular materials, including those with cooperative or molecular properties, has attracted much attention over the past 20 years.…”

“…63 To generate reticular materials with 13 cooperative magnetic properties specifically, a particularly exotic strategy is to connect magnetically-active metallic nodes via magnetically-active organic-radical MBBs. 62 MBBs based on PTM radicals are ideally suited to this application. PTM geometry defines a rigid backbone that resembles those of many MBBs used to synthesize iconic MOFs and COFs.…”

Review of porphyrin-based photodynamic therapy materials

“…Despite of the chemical functionalization of porphyrins, physical encapsulation is recognized as another commonly used strategy to enhance the water-solubility and biocompatibility of porphyrins. A large number of inorganic/organic nanoparticles have been constructed for the loading and delivery of genes and various hydrophobic drugs including porphyrins [64][65][66][67][68][69]. The nanoscale size of obtained nanoparticles leads to the significant EPR effect for their passive accumulation at tumor sites.…”