Electroacupuncture Enhances Motor Recovery Performance with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Rats with Cerebral Infarction

Kim, Minwook; Chung, You Chul; Jung, Hyun-Sam; Park, Moonseo; Han, Young-Min; Chung, Yun Kyung; Maeng, Lee-So; Park, Sang‐In; Lim, Jiyeon; Im, Wooseok; Chung, Jin Young; Kim, Min-Ky; Mook, In-Hee; Kim, Manho

doi:10.1136/acupmed-2011-010126

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…12 15 The potential effect on heat shock protein 40 enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression. 41 Therefore, EA may be a useful treatment option for patients who experience TBI because of its multiple effects, and its use in the acute stage might have clinical benefits worth studying.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Blood Flow and Apoptosis-Associated Factor with Electroacupuncture in a Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model

et al. 2013

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Objective Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely used for treatment of stroke, but there is little information on the effect of EA on the neuroprotective function in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of EA treatment in a TBI rat model. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation, TBI control, TBI+EA treated for 30 min or TBI+EA treated for 60 min. The animals were treated with EA immediately after TBI. The EA was applied at acupuncture points GV20, GV26, LI4 and KI1 with a dense-dispersed wave, frequencies of 0.2 and 1 Hz, and amplitude of 1 mA for 30 or 60 min. Regional blood flow, cell infarction volume, extent of neuronal apoptosis, expression of cell apoptosis-associated factor transforming growth-interacting factor (TGIF) were studied, and functional outcome was assessed by running speed test. All tests except regional blood flow were performed 72 h after TBI onset. Results Immediately after TBI, compared with the TBI control groups, the regional blood flow was significantly increased by EA treatment for 60 min. Compared with the TBI controls 72 h after TBI, the TBI-induced run speed impairment, infarction volume, neuronal apoptosis and apoptosis-associated TGIF expression were significantly improved by EA treatment. Conclusions The treatment of TBI in the acute stage with EA for 60 min could increase the regional blood flow and attenuate the levels of TGIF in the injured cortex, might lead to a decrease in neuronal apoptosis and cell infarction volume, and might represent one mechanism by which functional recovery may occur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Blood Flow and Apoptosis-Associated Factor with Electroacupuncture in a Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model

et al. 2013

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“…However, delivery of BDNF remains a substantial challenge for clinical trials because it is a moderately sized and charged protein and only minimal amount of BDNF administrated peripherally crosses the BBB to reach neurons in the brain. Acupuncture has been reported to increase neurotrophic factors [124] and the levels of nerve growth factors in the brain by altering the permeability of the BBB [125]. In rats, electric acupuncture enhanced motor recovery after cerebral infarction that was associated with increased expression of BDNF in the brain.…”

Section: Can “Chemobrain” Be Properly Studied Prevented or Correcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemobrain: A critical review and causal hypothesis of link between cytokines and epigenetic reprogramming associated with chemotherapy

et al. 2015

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One consequence of modern cancer therapy is chemotherapy related cognitive dysfunction or “chemobrain”, the subjective experience of cognitive deficits at any point during or following chemotherapy. Chemobrain, a well-established clinical syndrome, has become an increasing concern because the number of long-term cancer survivors is growing dramatically. There is strong evidence that correlates changes in peripheral cytokines with the development of chemobrain in commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for different types of cancer. However, the mechanisms by which these cytokines elicit change in the central nervous system are still unclear. In this review, we hypothesize that the administration of chemotherapy agents initiates a cascade of biological changes, with short-lived alterations in the cytokine milieu inducing persistent epigenetic alterations. These epigenetic changes lead to changes in gene expression, alterations in metabolic activity and neuronal transmission that are responsible for generating the subjective experience of cognition. This speculative but testable hypothesis should help to gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction in cancer patients. Such knowledge is critical to identify pharmaceutical targets with the potential to prevent and treat cancer-treatment related cognitive dysfunction and similar disorders.

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“…It has been reported that EA treatment exerted its neuroprotective effects through a series of mechanisms, including reducing the apoptosis of neural cells and inhibiting the inflammatory responses (22). In addition, EA treatment has been found to enhance neurogenesis via the upregulation of neurotropic factors, including BDNF (30). However, the impact of EA treatment on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Electroacupuncture promotes neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of rats following stroke via upregulation of Notch1 expression

Zhao

Sui

Lü

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are important in rehabilitation following stroke. Electroacupuncture (EA) treatment has been observed to promote the recovery of neurological functions subsequent to stroke, however, the effects of EA on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and its potential mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, rats, in which a stroke was induced through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), were treated with EA or control manipulation for 21 days. The modified Neurological Severity score and Morris water maze tests were used to assess the neurological functions of the rats. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or BrdU/neuronal marker (NeuN) double immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the proliferation and differentiation of the NSCs. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analyses were performed to detect the expression levels of Notch1 and Hes1 in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus of rats following MCAO. The results demonstrated that EA treatment significantly improved the neurological functional recovery of rats following stroke. A significant increase was observed in the number of BrdU + /GAFP + and BrdU + /NeuN + cells in the DG area in the EA-treated rats compared with that of the control group. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that EA treatment significantly increased the expression levels of Notch1 and Hes1, which may account for the enhanced proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to demonstrate that EA treatment promoted NSC proliferation and neurogenesis in the DG area through the upregulation of Notch signaling following a stroke; therefore, EA may be a useful novel therapeutic strategy in future stroke treatment. IntroductionCerebrovascular diseases are one of the prominent causes of mortality and permanent disability worldwide, the occurrence of which is predicted to further increase due to increasing life expectancies (1). The pharmaceutical industry has developed numerous potential neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of stroke, which have been observed to decrease cerebral damage and enhance the recovery of motor and cognitive abilities following ischemic insult in preclinical studies using animal models. However, these results have not been reproduced in phase III clinical trials and none of the assessed compounds led to the successful post-ischemic treatment of patients (2,3). Therefore, further investigation in this field is required in order to examine novel therapeutic strategies, which may ameliorate the recovery of post-ischemic patients.Stem cells, with self-renewal and pluripotent differentiation potentials, are a promising source for tissue regeneration, including neural regeneration (4). Neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and dentate gyrus (DG) of adult brain and these NSCs proliferate and generate neurons throughout the a...

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Electroacupuncture Enhances Motor Recovery Performance with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Rats with Cerebral Infarction

Cited by 40 publications

References 44 publications

Cerebral Blood Flow and Apoptosis-Associated Factor with Electroacupuncture in a Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model

Cerebral Blood Flow and Apoptosis-Associated Factor with Electroacupuncture in a Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model

Chemobrain: A critical review and causal hypothesis of link between cytokines and epigenetic reprogramming associated with chemotherapy

Electroacupuncture promotes neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of rats following stroke via upregulation of Notch1 expression

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