Electrochemical behavior of polyaniline films in acetonitrile

Pekmez, Nuran Özçiçek; Pekmez, Kadi̇r; Yıldız, Attila

doi:10.1016/0022-0728(93)03156-j

Cited by 62 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…PANI itself loses its electroactivity completely after a few cycles on the addition of even small amounts of pyridine into tetrabutylammoniumperchlorate/acetonitrile solution. 26 This shows that the electrochemical characteristics of PANI and aniline-ASA copolymer are similar in neutral solution but are quite different in basic solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution

Şahin

Pekmez

Yıldız

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The effects of 2-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (orthanilic acid), 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (metanilic acid), and 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (sulfanilic acid) on the electropreparation and properties of polyaniline (PANI) were investigated in acetonitrile containing 200 mM fluorosulfonic acid. The cyclic voltammetric studies of the products showed characteristics similar to those of conventional PANI in neutral solution, but there was a significant difference between the electrochemical behavior of the polymer films in basic solution. The sulfur-to-nitrogen ratios were found to be about 0.50, which indicated that copolymers were formed. The copolymers were soluble in a basic aqueous solution and in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and dimethyl sulfoxide solvents. The dry electrical conductivity values of the copolymers were measured. The structure and properties of these conducting copolymers in acetonitrile were elucidated with cyclic voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultravioletvisible absorption spectroscopy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution

Şahin

Pekmez

Yıldız

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…在随后的研究中 , 他们发现这种 SPAN 在 1 mol/L HCl 中的 CV 曲线上, 和 PANI 一样也出现两对氧化-还原峰, 只是与 PANI 相比, 这两对氧化-还原峰靠得更近 [23] . [29] . …”

Section: 后处理反应或苯胺衍生物的均聚实现自掺杂unclassified

Electroactivity of Polyaniline in High pH Solutions

Ye¹,

Lv²,

Hu³

et al. 2013

Acta Chim. Sinica

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Generally, the redox activity of polyaniline (PANI) can only be retained in acidic media at pH＜4, because the occurrence of deprotonation of the nitrogen atoms in the PANI backbone at high pH values may result in the loss of conductivity and electroactivity in neutral or alkaline solutions. This high acidity requirement greatly limits its potential applications like biosensor, marine antifouling and anticorrosion, where neutral or alkaline environments must be faced. Much effort has been exerted in the development of approaches to overcome this issue. In summary, two principal strategies have been proposed to shift the electroactivity of PANI to a high pH environment. One is based on a mechanism of protonic acid doping, the other is based on a charge transfer process. The former is to introduce acidic groups into the PANI chains or PANI systems to hinder the deprotonation of its conducting form and thus to preserve its electroactivity at higher pH values. The main approaches to introduction of acidic groups include the sulfonation of the emeraldine base of PANI, the homopolymerization of aniline derivatives with acidic ionogenic groups or the copolymerization of aniline and aniline derivatives, and the formation of PANI complexes by doping with macromolecular acids. The latter is to use a hybrid film fabricated by incorporating conductive nanomaterials into a PANI matrix, which can improve the charge transfer rate across the PANI matrix and facilitate its redox processes. The development of PANI nanocomposites prepared by doping with carbon nanotubes, graphenes and Au nanoparticles, etc., falls into this category. This review article provides an overview of various approaches to preserve the electroactivity of PANI in high pH solutions on the basis of the two main strategies. Special emphasis is placed on the synthetic methods and electrochemical features for the self-doped, polymer acid-doped and CNT-doped PANIs, including their underlying mechanisms for achieving good electroactivity. The main challenges and future research directions in this field are also discussed.

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“…All of these applications require that the material have a highly reversible and rapid switching rate while maintaining chemical stability. The switching properties of polyaniline are affected by the nature of the acid electrolyte 46 , pH 47 , anions 48 and the solvent 49 . Polyaniline at pH 6, for example, becomes essentially electrochemically inactive, but regains electroactivity in a completely reversible manner when placed in a more acidic electrolyte 8 .…”

Section: Electroactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyaniline at pH 6, for example, becomes essentially electrochemically inactive, but regains electroactivity in a completely reversible manner when placed in a more acidic electrolyte 8 . Depending upon the proton content of the polyaniline film and the availability of protons in the medium, one can obtain completely resistive and electroinactive films or electroactive and conducting films 49 . Using cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments it has been indicated 13 that the chemically prepared PANi has properties very similar to the electrochemically prepared PANi.…”

Section: Electroactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline Conducting Electroactive Polymers Thermal and Environmental Stability Studies

Ansari

Keivani

2006

Journal of Chemistry

133

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Abstract:In the current studies, polyaniline (PANi) was prepared both chemical and electrochemically in the presence of different bronsted acids from aqueous solutions. The effect of thermal treatment on electrical conductivity, and thermal stability of the PANi conducting polymers were investigated using 4-point probe and TGA techniques respectively. It was found that polymer prepared by CV method is more thermally stable than those prepared by the other electrochemical techniques. In this paper we have also reviewed some fundamental information about synthesis, general properties, diverse applications, thermal and environmental stability of polyaniline conducting polymers.

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Electrochemical behavior of polyaniline films in acetonitrile

Cited by 62 publications

References 42 publications

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution

Electroactivity of Polyaniline in High pH Solutions

Polyaniline Conducting Electroactive Polymers Thermal and Environmental Stability Studies

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Electrochemical behavior of polyaniline films in acetonitrile

Cited by 62 publications

References 42 publications

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO3H/acetonitrile solution

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO3H/acetonitrile solution

Electroactivity of Polyaniline in High pH Solutions

Polyaniline Conducting Electroactive Polymers Thermal and Environmental Stability Studies

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Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and anilinesulfonic acids in FSO₃H/acetonitrile solution