Electrochemical Dehalogenation of Organic Pollutants

Peters, Dennis G.; McGuire, Caitlyn M.; Pasciak, Erick M.; Peverly, Angela A.; Strawsine, Lauren M.; Wagoner, Elizabeth R.; Barnes, J. Tyler

doi:10.29356/jmcs.v58i3.135

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, electrodes with catalytic properties allowing the reductive dechlorination at less cathodic potentials are required. The electrocatalytic reduction of the C‐Cl bond can be achieved on electrodes modified with organometallic catalysts or with metals . Among the different metals that have been studied, silver has been the subject of many investigations since it presents high electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of carbon–chlorine bonds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrocatalytic reduction of the C-Cl bond can be achieved on electrodes modified with organometallic catalysts or with metals. 18,[23][24][25] Among the different metals that have been studied, silver has been the subject of many investigations since it presents high electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of carbon-chlorine bonds. This property has been attributed to its high electrophilicity due to specific interactions of the C-Cl bond with silver that lowers the driving force of the electron transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Lou

Verlato

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND The aim of this work is to adapt the electrochemical reduction of Alachlor™, using Ag‐modified Ni foam electrodes to environmental applications. In this context, preparative electrolyses of Alachlor™ were performed in a flow electrochemical cell in different electrolytic media. RESULTS The highest catalytic activity for the reduction of Alachlor™ was obtained in 0.05 mol L‐1 NaOH, with a conversion yield of 93%. The dechlorination yield of Alachlor™ estimated from the Cl‐ concentration was 77%, significantly lower than its conversion yield, but higher than the yield of deschloroalachlor (69%), the main dehalogenated by‐product, indicating the presence of other by‐products. CONCLUSIONS Total reduction of Alachlor™ was achieved in conditions adapted to environmental applications, showing that this process can be used for dechlorination treatment of Alachlor™ in aqueous media. Although a high dechlorination yield was obtained, biodegradability estimated from BOD5 measurements remained low, showing that the C–Cl bond is not the only functional group that is responsible for the biorecalcitrance of Alachlor™. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Lou

Verlato

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…10 Interest in the use of electrochemical reduction for detection, degradation, and remediation of halogenated pesticides has prompted a number of investigations, some of which are described in a recent review. 11 In early work by Rosenthal and Lacoste, 12 a polarographic study of a number of aromatic chloroethanes, including methoxychlor, established that electrochemical reduction resulted in cleavage of all three carbon-chlorine bonds. Tandon and co-workers extended this research in their own polarographic studies of the reduction of methoxychlor in aqueous media containing dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol, 13 as well as in the presence of various surfactants; 14 it was reported that uptake of six electrons is required for cleavage of the three carbon-chlorine bonds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of 4,4^′-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) (Methoxychlor) at Carbon and Silver Cathodes in Dimethylformamide

McGuire

Peters

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential (bulk) electrolysis have been employed to investigate the electrochemical reduction of 4,4 -(2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene), commonly known as the pesticide methoxychlor, at glassy carbon and silver cathodes in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 0.050 M tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF 4 ). Reduction of methoxychlor at both glassy carbon and silver shows four voltammetric peaks, the first three of which are associated with cleavage of carbon-chlorine bonds; the fourth peak is assigned to reduction of 4,4 -(ethene-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene). Bulk electrolyses of methoxychlor at reticulated vitreous carbon and silver mesh cathodes at potentials corresponding to each of the first three voltammetric peaks were conducted; coulometric n values and product distributions (determined by means of GC and GC-MS techniques) depend on potential. In particular, two completely dechlorinated products, namely 4,4 -(ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) and 4,4 -(ethene-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) have been identified and quantitated. A mechanistic scheme is proposed to account for the formation of the various products. When global use of the infamous pesticide 4,4 -(2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(chlorobenzene) (1)-known more familiarly as DDT-was restricted, a close relative, namely 4,4 -(2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) (2) or methoxychlor, became a temporarily popular replacement. Unfortunately, when concerns about the toxicity of 2 arose, it was banned in the European Union in 2002 and became unregistered in the United States in 2003. However, in other parts of the world, 2 is still employed as an agricultural pesticide and for home applications in the treatment of flea and fly infestations.Like many members of the family of halogenated pesticides, methoxychlor degrades very slowly in the environment, which allows for its transport and subsequent detection in Arctic samples far from the original point of use.1 For hydrolytic degradation pathways in aquatic systems of pH 6-9, the half-life is approximately one year, and the resulting olefinic metabolite degrades even more slowly.2 When exposed to sunlight, this olefin derivative undergoes an interesting photoisomerization in water.3 Sunlight increases the photolysis rate, so that the half-life at the surface of distilled water is closer to 4.5 months, and even faster in natural waters where half-lives of only 2-5 h are seen. 4 Biological degradation of methoxychlor results in the loss of one chlorine as well as demethylation of the hydroxylbenzene moieties.5 Uptake of methoxychlor in a model ecosystem has also been examined; whereas methoxychlor was found to be in a dynamic state in fish, it accumulated in snails. Furthermore, incubated mouse livers were unable to metabolize methoxychlor and 97% was recovered. 6 Concerns about the accumulation of methoxychlor in humans prompted studies conducted in the agricultural region of Spain * Electrochemical Society Student Member. * * E...

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“…As a result, it tends to bioaccumulate and has been detected in human blood, breast milk, and adipose tissue from samples taken around the world [67]. Its well-established neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and consequent health risks led to a worldwide ban of lindane by the Stockholm Convention in 2007 [68,69]. In fact, some countries are still using it for economic reasons [30,64].…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Lindanementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development on the Electrochemical Detection of Selected Pesticides: A Focused Review

Noori¹,

Mortensen

Geto³

2020

Sensors

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Pesticides are heavily used in agriculture to protect crops from diseases, insects, and weeds. However, only a fraction of the used pesticides reaches the target and the rest slips through the soil, causing the contamination of ground-and surface water resources. Given the emerging interest in the on-site detection of analytes that can replace traditional chromatographic techniques, alternative methods for pesticide measuring have recently encountered remarkable attention. This review gives a focused overview of the literature related to the electrochemical detection of selected pesticides. Here, we focus on the electrochemical detection of three important pesticides; glyphosate, lindane and bentazone using a variety of electrochemical detection techniques, electrode materials, electrolyte media, and sample matrix. The review summarizes the different electrochemical studies and provides an overview of the analytical performances reported such as; the limits of detection and linearity range. This article highlights the advancements in pesticide detection of the selected pesticides using electrochemical methods and point towards the challenges and needed efforts to achieve electrochemical detection suitable for on-site applications.

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Electrochemical Dehalogenation of Organic Pollutants

Cited by 23 publications

References 176 publications

Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of 4,4^′-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) (Methoxychlor) at Carbon and Silver Cathodes in Dimethylformamide

Recent Development on the Electrochemical Detection of Selected Pesticides: A Focused Review

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Electrochemical Dehalogenation of Organic Pollutants

Cited by 23 publications

References 176 publications

Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Reductive dehalogenation of a chloroacetanilide herbicide in a flow electrochemical cell fitted with Ag‐modified Ni foams

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of 4,4′-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) (Methoxychlor) at Carbon and Silver Cathodes in Dimethylformamide

Recent Development on the Electrochemical Detection of Selected Pesticides: A Focused Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Direct Electrochemical Reduction of 4,4^′-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(methoxybenzene) (Methoxychlor) at Carbon and Silver Cathodes in Dimethylformamide