Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Nanowires as a Scanning Probe Tip

Abstract

This paper describes Ni electrodeposition as a method of producing metallic nanowires on a scanning probe tip. A polycarbonate porous membrane was used as a template for the growth of nanowires on a Si atomic force microscope ͑AFM͒ probe tip. A thin Pt cathode was deposited on the tip apex and onto the underlying porous membrane with the help of a focused ion beam. The number of nanowires deposited on the AFM probe tip was controlled by the cathode area and the duration of Ni deposition. Surface imaging was performed with the nanowire AFM probes. Elastic and inelastic deformations of the nanowires were observed, and the related beam mechanics were calculated. D431) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 132.174.255.116 Downloaded on 2015-03-11 to IP D432 Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 156 ͑10͒ D431-D438 ͑2009͒ D432 ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 132.174.255.116 Downloaded on 2015-03-11 to IP Appendix AThe moment of inertia, I x , and section modulus, S x , of an inverted-conical-shaped beam having a larger diameter d A at the free end and a smaller diameter d B at the fixed end are given by 47 Figure 14. SEM image of inelastically deformed nanowires on the AFM probe tip previously shown in Fig. 9. The resulting displacements are indicated by the vectors. Scale bar: 1 m.D437 Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 156 ͑10͒ D431-D438 ͑2009͒ D437 ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 132.174.255.116 Downloaded on 2015-03-11 to IP D438 Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 156 ͑10͒ D431-D438 ͑2009͒ D438 ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 132.174.255.116 Downloaded on 2015-03-11 to IP

Electrodeposition and Behavior of Single Metal Nanowire Probes

“…This measurement demonstrates that the NW at the tip is not electrically isolated. Since there was no significant difference in the growth rate of NWs on the AFM tip and into large-area membranes at the same potential in previous work, the electrical resistance through a metal layer on a 450-μm-long cantilever was negligible. The electrical resistance of the single NW at the tip in this measurement was less than 10 Ω based on the bulk Ni electrical conductivity ( i .…”

“…The wires deposited nearer to the edges were shorter because the wires nearer to the edges started to grow later than ones nearer to the center (see Figure ). The growth rate estimated from the wire in the center at the tip (5.4 μm in length) was 36 nm s –1 .…”

“…Previous work demonstrated electrodepositon of metal NWs on the tip of AFM probes . However, the probe structure was not a single-NW probe.…”

Dense Vertically Aligned Copper Nanowire Composites as High Performance Thermal Interface Materials

“…The mechanical characteristics of nanostructured TIMs are typically measured using nanoindentation, and such mechanical properties have been measured for arrays of vertically aligned CNTs ,− and metal oxide NWs as well as individual metal NWs. − While the CuNWs in the present work exhibit much better alignment than CNT arrays, deviations from the nominal morphology and interactions between adjacent NWs have a pronounced impact on the array-scale mechanical response compared to the properties of an individual NW. Relatively few studies have characterized the mechanical behavior of metallic NW arrays .…”

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Deformation Behaviour of Gold Nanowires

“…Being one of the typical nanomaterials, metallic nanowires (NWs) have broad application prospects in making nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and biomedical, optical, and electrical devices. Due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, nanowires offer unique mechanical and structural properties which find applications in several domains of interest such as interconnects in miniaturization of electronics (nanotransistors), functional components in nanosensors, high sensitivity nanoelectrodes, tips of scanning tunneling, and atomic force microscopies [1][2][3][4]. To understand the mechanical properties of nanowires, it is important to understand their deformation mechanism under different loading conditions.…”