Electrochemical determination of phenol using CTAB‐functionalized montmorillonite electrode

Abstract

Montmorillonite calcium (MMT) was modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) via replacement of its inorganic exchangeable cations. The resulting CTAB-modified MMT (CTAB/MMT) was used to modify the carbon paste electrode (CPE). The electrochemical behaviours of phenol at the unmodified CPE, MMT-modified CPE and CTAB/MMT-modified CPE were examined. It was found that the oxidation signal of phenol was remarkably improved at the CTAB/MMT-modified CPE, which was attributed to the higher accumulation efficiency of CTAB/MMT. Based on this, a sensitive and convenient electrochemical method was proposed for the determination of phenol. The effect of supporting electrolyte on the oxidation of phenol was examined, and 0.1 mol l(-1) NaOH was finally employed. In addition, the influences of mass content of CTAB/MMT and accumulation time were also investigated. The optimal mass content of CTAB/MMT is 25%, and the accumulation time is 3 min. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current of phenol is proportional to its concentration over the range from 1.0 x 10(-7) to 3.0 x 10(-5) mol l(-1), and the limit of detection is estimated to be 6.0 x 10(-8) mol l(-1). Finally, the CTAB/MMT-modified CPE was successfully applied to determine phenol in water samples.

Amperometric magnetobiosensors using poly(dopamine)-modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for the detection of phenolic compounds

“…In addition, traditional electrochemical sensors are very poor and the electrode surface may be fouled by insulating polymer lms or by-products generated during phenolic detection. 36,37 Owing to these disadvantages, researchers have focused on the use of nanostructured and catalytic materials 31,38,39 or on enzyme based amperometric biosensors. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] In the present work, we combine the advantages increased by the use of Fe 3 O 4 MNPs and pDA to develop an amperometric enzyme (HRP) biosensor for phenolic compounds.…”

“…Although, standard methods are adequate for quantitative phenolic determination 30,[32][33][34][35] , generally they require pretreatment processes and high-qualified personnel. In addition, traditional electrochemical sensors are very poor and the electrode surface may be fouled by insulating polymer films or by-products generated during phenolic detection 36,37 . Owing to those disadvantages, researchers have focused on the use on nanostructured and catalytic materials 31,38,39 or in enzyme based amperometric biosensors [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] .…”

Voltammetric detection of phenol at platinum–polytyramine composite electrodes in acidic media

“…This behavior suggests that the Pt-PTy composite is more appropriate for the voltammetric determination of total phenols [32]. It should be also noted that the porous structure of the polymeric matrix results in an increased susceptibility to deactivation in the presence of suspended solid particles, in which case prior filtration of the samples is required [33]. The results of the present study are also noteworthy because they provide a basis for additional experiments devoted to obtaining new composite materials with improved performances for phenol anodic oxidation.…”

Determination of bisphenol A in plastic bottle packaging beverage samples using ultrasonic-assisted extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

“…Therefore, the cationic surfactant, CTAB, was adopted and used as the sensitivity enhancer or counter ion in order to be able to detect BPA at sub-µg kg -1 or µg L -1 levels. It is indicated that CTAB below and above its critical micelle concentration (CMC) is used effectively to enhance the sensitivity and signal reproducibility of the electroanalytical techniques such as differential pulse voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry and square wave voltammetry in determination of phenol and BPA as contaminant in waters and foodstuffs stored in plastic container (33,34). The effect of CTAB concentration was investigated in the range 0.0-400 µmol L -1 .…”