Electrochemical DNA synthesis and sequencing on a single electrode with scalability for integrated data storage

Xu, Chengtao; Ma, Biao; Gao, Zhongli; Dong, Xing; Chao, Zhao; Liu, Hong

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abk0100

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…To achieve efficiency as well as reliability in the rewriting of the complex information stored in exogenous DNA sequences in vivo, the high specificity between complementary pairs of nucleic acid molecules was used to accurately construct new information. By optimizing the crRNA sequence, the information rewriting tool became highly adaptable to complex information, resulting in a high rewriting reliability of up to 94% and comparable to that of existing gene editing systems ( 27 , 41 ). In addition, because of the Cas12a/crRNA complex being activated by exogenous inducers, the rewriting process could be maneuvered to initiate at a desired time and space ( 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo processing of digital information molecularly with targeted specificity and robust reliability

Liu

Ren

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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DNA has attracted increasing interest as an appealing medium for information storage. However, target-specific rewriting of the digital data stored in intracellular DNA remains a grand challenge because the highly repetitive nature and uneven guanine-cytosine content render the encoded DNA sequences poorly compatible with endogenous ones. In this study, a dual-plasmid system based on gene editing tools was introduced into Escherichia coli to process information accurately. Digital data containing large repeat units in binary codes, such as text, codebook, or image, were involved in the realization of target-specific rewriting in vivo, yielding up to 94% rewriting reliability. An optical reporter was introduced as an advanced tool for presenting data processing at the molecular level. Rewritten information was stored stably and amplified over hundreds of generations. Our work demonstrates a digital-to-biological information processing approach for highly efficient data storage, amplification, and rewriting, thus robustly promoting the application of DNA-based information technology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo processing of digital information molecularly with targeted specificity and robust reliability

Liu

Ren

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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“…In a more recent study, researchers attempt to implement both DNA synthesis and sequencing within the same device, yet the demonstration relies on one single electrode, resulting in very low storage capacity. 27 In this work, we adapted the classic two-layer plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS) micro-valve network architecture through a computerized solenoid valve control to achieve automated sample introduction and retrieval. This is an entirely closed microfluidic platform operating under single phase DNA solution and does not require a secondary storage medium.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Microfluidic DNA Storage Platform with Automated Sample Handling and Physical Data Partitioning

et al. 2022

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Biopolymers are considered a promising alternative for information storage, and the most successful implementation has been using chemically synthesized DNA to represent binary data, which has achieved tremendous progress at multiple fronts bridging biotechnology with digital information. Currently, a majority of these systems are lacking the system integration and process automation expected by users of digital data and overly use tubes/vials for DNA storage. Herein, we present a microfluidic platform for automated storage and retrieval of data-encoding oligonucleotide samples enabled by a microvalve network architecture. Our platform, equipped with individually addressable compartments, offers an orthogonal strategy of data partitioning and file indexing with respect to the molecular-based random access implementation, with each partition amounting to an equivalence of 9.5 TB data within a 4 × 2 mm2 area. We examined the functionality of the presented platform and its compatibility with the DNA storage workflow coupled with nanopore sequencing to fully recover the stored files, demonstrating a significantly enhanced degree of function integration and process automation compared to that of the existing microfluidic approach.

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“…With the development of microarray synthesis technology, oligonucleotide information segments with different sequences can be synthe-sized parallelly, accelerating the construction of large-scale DNA information libraries. [20,[31][32][33][34] Furthermore, the emerging aqueous-based enzymatic synthesis methods could synthesize longer DNA information segments, and reduce the synthesis costs. [35][36][37][38] Yi Storing: The synthesized DNA information is mainly preserved in three forms, including: in vivo storage, in vitro storage and protective preservation.…”

Section: The Major Steps Of Dna Digital Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Writing: Encoded DNA sequences are written into the synthesized DNA molecules, mainly relying on the phosphoramidite solid‐phase synthesis technology. With the development of microarray synthesis technology, oligonucleotide information segments with different sequences can be synthesized parallelly, accelerating the construction of large‐scale DNA information libraries [20,31–34] . Furthermore, the emerging aqueous‐based enzymatic synthesis methods could synthesize longer DNA information segments, and reduce the synthesis costs [35–38] …”

Section: The Major Steps Of Dna Digital Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Preservation and Encryption in DNA Digital Data Storage

et al. 2022

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The exponential growth of the total amount of global data presents a huge challenge to mainstream storage media. The emergence of molecular digital storage inspires the development of the new-generation higher-density digital data storage. In particular, DNA with high storage density, reproducibility, and long recoverable lifetime behaves the ideal representative of molecular digital storage media. With the development of DNA synthesis and sequencing technologies and the reduction of cost, DNA digital storage has attracted more and more attention and achieved significant breakthroughs. Herein, this Review briefly describes the workflow of DNA storage, and highlights the storage step of DNA digital data storage. Then, according to different information storage forms, the current DNA information encryption methods are emphatically expounded. Finally, the brief perspectives on the current challenges and optimizing proposals in DNA information preservation and encryption are presented.

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Electrochemical DNA synthesis and sequencing on a single electrode with scalability for integrated data storage

Abstract: DNA synthesis and sequencing on a single electrode enables integrated data storage using a sliding microarray chip.

Cited by 43 publications

References 62 publications

In vivo processing of digital information molecularly with targeted specificity and robust reliability

In vivo processing of digital information molecularly with targeted specificity and robust reliability

Integrated Microfluidic DNA Storage Platform with Automated Sample Handling and Physical Data Partitioning

Preservation and Encryption in DNA Digital Data Storage

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