Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage with Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Derived Materials: A Perspective

Abstract

The development of transition‐metal‐based materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage has received immense interest throughout the last two decades. In this respect, zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐derived materials are particularly important for accessing various morphologies, sizes, exposed facets, variations in the electronic structure, high surface area, and large numbers of available active sites. The properties of the ZIF‐derived materials can be tuned by applying different synthetic protocols, introducing a heteroatom in the ZIF structure or by accessing core‐shell or hollow structures. Many studies have described the beneficial effects of ZIF‐derived materials, but no critical review is available in the growing field of electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Herein, we have described the basic principles of material synthesis from ZIFs, their applications in electrochemical processes, difficulties with the synthesis, and their future development.

Advances in Zeolite Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) Derived Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts and Their Application in Zinc–Air Batteries

“…Consequently, the structure evolved from the strong connections show excellent thermal stability and their morphology remains intact at a temperature as high as 500 °C. [ 49 ] Due to the adjustable physical and chemical properties, ZIFs have been emerged as a new generation of materials with relatively greater prospects of improvement and their utilization in multiple applications. [ 50 ] Thus, the high chemical and thermal stability of ZIFs in relation with other MOFs make them an attractive candidate for their application on industrial scale.…”

“…), synthesis methods, and postsynthesis modifications. [ 49a,b ] By now, over 150 ZIFs structures have been reported. [ 65 ]…”

Design and Synthesis of Conductive Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Their Composites for Supercapacitors

“…[1] In this day and age, rapid consumption of non-renewable resources has severely restricted the development of sustainable society. [2] Therefore, advances in green energy is extremely urgent, such as solar, wind and tidal energies. [3] However, these renewable energies are intermittent and fluctuating in the smart and green grids, in which energy-storage devices play the significance roles.…”

“…Supercapacitor, as a type of superb electrochemical energy‐storage device developed from 1950s, has aroused the field widespread interest until 1990s for its huge application potential in the field of hybrid electric vehicle [1] . In this day and age, rapid consumption of non‐renewable resources has severely restricted the development of sustainable society [2] . Therefore, advances in green energy is extremely urgent, such as solar, wind and tidal energies [3] .…”

Two-dimensional metal–organic frameworks and their derivatives for electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalysis

“…electrochemical energy storage materials and electrocatalysts) with sufficient ion storage sites, excellent ion diffusion ability, high conductivity, and abundant active catalytic sites is vital but challenging. [4][5][6] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a series of crystalline materials consisting of metal ions and organic ligands, 7,8 have been extensively investigated for electrochemical energy storage [9][10][11] and electrocatalysis [12][13][14][15] due to their abundant active sites, tunable pore distribution, and controllable morphologies 7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Beneting from the ordered arrangement of the metal ions and organic linkers in the MOFs, the MOF derivatives tend to show a homogeneous distribution of the metal atoms or/and metal nanoparticles, 24,25 which could enhance the metal utilization efficiency 26 and further leads to a great improvement for their applications in energy storage and electrocatalysis. To date, carbon materials, 27 metals, 28 transition metal oxides, 25,29,30 transition metal carbides, 31 transition metal dichalcogenides, 32,33 transition metal phosphides, [34][35][36] and their composites 37 have been successfully fabricated from MOF precursors.…”