Electrochemical leaching of critical materials from lithium-ion batteries: A comparative life cycle assessment

Adhikari, Birendra Babu; Chowdhury, Nighat Afroz; Diaz, Luis A.; Jin, Hongyue; Saha, A.; Shi, Min; Klaehn, John R.; Lister, Tedd E.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.106973

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This reduction is attributed to lower acid consumption, the avoidance of hydrogen peroxide, and the regeneration of the reducing agent iron( ii ) sulfate. 218 Furthermore, ECL exhibits superior performance in terms of CED and water consumption, consuming over 70% less energy and water across all renewable and non-renewable energy categories when compared to peroxide-based leaching. Compared to other emerging technologies like bioleaching or organic acid leaching, which yield carbon footprints ranging from 14–160 kg CO 2eq , ECL stands out with a considerably lower value of 1.2–1.7 kg CO 2eq .…”

Section: Spent Lib Recycling By the Electrometallurgical Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electricity consumption also plays a significant role, contributing between 4% and 46% to the overall impact. 218 In bioleaching, electricity utilization in agitated leaching constitutes a predominant contributor, amounting to 80% of the total GWP. Other major contributors include iron sulfate and sodium hydroxide, with respective contributions of 5% and 4% to the total GWP, the latter being used for sodium gluconate production.…”

Section: Spent Lib Recycling By the Electrometallurgical Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries for a sustainable future: recent advancements

Biswal,

Zhang,

Thi Minh Tran

et al. 2024

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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Section: Spent Lib Recycling By the Electrometallurgical Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spent Lib Recycling By the Electrometallurgical Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries for a sustainable future: recent advancements

Biswal,

Zhang,

Thi Minh Tran

et al. 2024

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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“…The burning of natural gas and oil produces CO 2 that goes directly into the atmosphere. Devices associated with daily life also contain embedded CO 2 emissions [10]. Indirect emissions of CO 2 are measured by the manufacturing, transportation, and use of those items throughout their lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Innovative Carbon Dioxide Selective Membranes from Low Carbon Emission Sources: A Comparative Study

et al. 2023

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Carbon capture has been an important topic of the twenty-first century because of the elevating carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. CO2 in the atmosphere is above 420 parts per million (ppm) as of 2022, 70 ppm higher than 50 years ago. Carbon capture research and development has mostly been centered around higher concentration flue gas streams. For example, flue gas streams from steel and cement industries have been largely ignored due to lower associated CO2 concentrations and higher capture and processing costs. Capture technologies such as solvent-based, adsorption-based, cryogenic distillation, and pressure-swing adsorption are under research, but many suffer from higher costs and life cycle impacts. Membrane-based capture processes are considered cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives. Over the past three decades, our research group at Idaho National Laboratory has led the development of several polyphosphazene polymer chemistries and has demonstrated their selectivity for CO2 over nitrogen (N2). Poly[bis((2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)phosphazene] (MEEP) has shown the highest selectivity. A comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to determine the life cycle feasibility of the MEEP polymer material compared to other CO2-selective membranes and separation processes. The MEEP-based membrane processes emit at least 42% less equivalent CO2 than Pebax-based membrane processes. Similarly, MEEP-based membrane processes produce 34–72% less CO2 than conventional separation processes. In all studied categories, MEEP-based membranes report lower emissions than Pebax-based membranes and conventional separation processes.

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Electric vehicle batteries waste management and recycling challenges: a comprehensive review of green technologies and future prospects

Amusa,

Sadiq,

Alam

et al. 2024

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Electrochemical leaching of critical materials from lithium-ion batteries: A comparative life cycle assessment

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries for a sustainable future: recent advancements

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries for a sustainable future: recent advancements

Life Cycle Assessment of Innovative Carbon Dioxide Selective Membranes from Low Carbon Emission Sources: A Comparative Study

Electric vehicle batteries waste management and recycling challenges: a comprehensive review of green technologies and future prospects

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