Electrochemical Li Storage Properties of Carbon-Rich B–C–N Ceramics

Abstract

Amorphous BCN ceramics were synthesized via a thermal conversion procedure of piperazine-borane and pyridine-borane. The synthesized BC 2 N and BC 4 N ceramics contained, in their final amorphous structure, 45 and 65 wt % of carbon, respectively. Elemental analysis revealed 45 and 65 wt % of carbon for BC 2 N and BC 4 N, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the amorphous nature of studied compounds. Lateral cluster size of carbon crystallites of 7.43 and 10.3 nm for BC 2 N and BC 4 N, respectively, was calculated from Raman spectroscopy data. This signified a higher order of the carbon phase present in BC 4 N. The electrochemical investigation of the low carbon BC 2 N composition as anodes for Li-ion batteries revealed initial capacities of 667 and 235 mAh¨g´1 for lithium insertion/extraction, respectively. The material with higher carbon content, BC 4 N, disclosed better reversible lithium storage properties. Initial capacities of 1030 and 737 mAh¨g´1 for lithium insertion and extraction were recovered for carbon-rich BC 4 N composition. Extended cycling with high currents up to 2 C/2 D revealed the cycling stability of BC 4 N electrodes. Cycling for more than 75 cycles at constant current rates showed a stable electrochemical behavior of BC 4 N anodes with capacities as high as 500 mAh¨g´1.

Defective structure of doped carbons obtained from preceramic polymers through Cl2‐ and NH3‐assisted thermolysis

“…This ionomer-catalyst interaction can be improved by introducing N-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbon material. 4 Similarly, introducing defects in the carbon matrix and creating more active sites for ion storage promote the surface-driven charge storage in lithium, 5,6 sodium, 7,8 and the most recent potassium ion batteries. 9 Chemical doping of carbon nanomaterials has shown great promise in the reduction of the organic species in DSSCs.…”

Morphology, Ordering, Stability, and Electronic Structure of Carbon‐Doped Hexagonal Boron Nitride

“…This uniqueness of CBN layered alloys is emphasized in Figure 1, where an illustrative comparison with the family of III-Nitrides (GaN, AlN, and InN as border materials) is given. It is, therefore, very natural that the layered CBN alloys are considered as obvious and promising candidates for numerous applications not only in the area of functional electronic and optoelectronic devices [7], but also in many other fields such as carbon capture [8], high energy density supercapacitors [9], Li-Ion batteries [10], metal-free photoredox catalysis [11], effective and highly selective H 2 separation membranes [12], and many others. shed light on the physical mechanisms leading to the synthesis of alloys with various phases and ordering patterns observed experimentally.…”

Batteries: Recent Advances in Carbon Materials

“…Bhat et al describe the formation of B-C-N ceramics as lithium ion intercalation anodes. The BC 4 N material demonstrates a stable capacity of 500 mA·h/g over 135 cycles [3]. While the Li ion storage mechanism is not fully characterized, the authors hypothesize that boron can act as an electron acceptor giving fast Li ion diffusion through the disordered network of doped carbon.…”

“…However, large volumetric changes in Si cause capacity fading [7]. Kang et al describe the considerable efforts being made to develop hybrid materials with the nanostructure and porosity that can withstand these volumetric changes [3]. This issue provides a sample of the efforts towards the application of carbon to batteries.…”