Electrochemical nucleation and growth of nano- and microparticles: some theoretical and experimental aspects

Milchev, A.; Heerman, L.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(03)00355-4

Cited by 105 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The nucleation mechanism is again influenced by the presence of organic additives, applied overpotential and the nature of the substrate. Depending on the above factors, an initial stage of electronucleation involves either an instantaneous or a progressive nucleation mechanism [6][7][8][9][10]. In the case of instantaneous nucleation mechanism, all the electrode active sites are occupied by the nuclei at early stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the progressive nucleation process exhibits zones of reduced nucleation rate around the growing stable nuclei [11,12]. The study of initial electrocrystalization of metals is an important area of study [7][8][9][10]. A number of studies have been reported for the investigation of the initial nucleation of cobalt [32], copper [14,22,25,27,29,33], palladium [7, 13, 16-19, 21, 23, 34, 36], platinum [20,28] and silver [31] on various substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Alemu¹,

Assresahegn²,

Soreta³

2014

Port. Electrochim. Acta

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Electrochemical metal nucleation is the method for the formation of metal nanoparticles on the electrode surface. Studying the early stage of electronucleation is simpler than other methods as the driving force for nucleation is achieved by changing deposition potentials and concentration of metal ions. In this work, the potential step electrochemical deposition of palladium was studied from its chloride solution at room temperature on glassy carbon electrode surface. The nucleation mechanism was studied by analysis of the resulting current transients. Accordingly, the initial electro-nucleation mechanism of palladium nanoparticles was found to be varying depending on deposition conditions such as deposition potential and palladium concentration. It can be changed from 3D instantaneous (for all deposition potentials studied and in higher electrolytic concentration) to 3D progressive nucleation mechanism (for lower deposition potential and lower electrolytic concentration). In addition, the nucleation rate for each deposition potential as well as the concentration has been determined. The nucleation rate in this research is used to calculate the nuclei density and found to decrease from more negative deposition potential to more positive deposition potential in agreement with the observed shift in electronucleation mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Alemu¹,

Assresahegn²,

Soreta³

2014

Port. Electrochim. Acta

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“…Higher potential of -3v in our case smaller critical clusters can be formed; smaller critical clusters favor the formation of fcc structure [22]. It is known [23] that the saturation nucleus density (N s ) is related to maximum value of current (i max ) and time (t m ) at which the current has maximum value, so smaller t m and larger i max can corresponds to larger N s . Therefore the deposition at -3.0 V (higher potential) has smaller t m and higher i max (as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Electrodeposition of Single Crystalline Co<sub>56.48</sub>Ni<sub>43.52</sub> Alloy Nanowires in AAO Template

Mukhtar¹

2017

AJEA

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Abstract:Single crystalline cobalt nickel (Co-Ni) alloy nanowires are successfully fabricated using direct current (DC) electrodeposition with in the nanopore of highly ordered anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template. SEM studies show that the average diameter of the alloy nanowires is approximately equal to 50 nm which corresponds to the pore size of the AAO template. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed that the Co-Ni alloy nanowires are deposited with 56.48:43.52 atomic ratios. We believe that at high potential the current density of Co nanowires is higher than depositing Ni nanowires which are clear by polarization curves, so content of Co increases in deposited Co 56.48 Ni 43.52 alloy nanowires. Single crystalline Co 56.48 Ni 43.52 alloys can be useful in future to compose and synthesize other metal nanostructures via template-based electrodeposition.

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“…No information can be found about the basic aspect of the electrochemistry of co-deposition of these two heavy metals. The knowledge of the nucleation and subsequent growth of electrodeposits at the nanometer scale promotes understanding the process as accurately as possible to achieve desired properties and applications, therefore the characterization of the deposited films is essential for any electrochemical removal process to investigate the morphology and mechanism of formation of such deposits [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characterization and mechanism of electrodeposition of single Pb or Cd had been investigated extensively for different electrolytes and cathode materials [21][22][23][24][25][26]. References may be found for the characterization of binary systems such as CuPb [27,28], Cu-Cd [29][30][31], however no information are found about the characterization of Cd-Pb system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposited Cadmium and Lead thin Films from a Diluted Chloride Solution

Sulaymon

Mohammed

Abbar

2014

Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

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Cd-Pb thin films were electrodeposited from a diluted chloride solution using stainless steel rotating disc electrode. The linear sweep voltammograms of the single metallic ions show that electrodeposition of these ions was mass transfer control due to the plateau observed for different rotations at concentration (50 and 200 ppm). The voltammograms of binary system elucidate that electrodeposition process always start at cathodic potential located between the potential of individual metals. Currents transients measurements, anodic linear sweep voltammetry (ALSV) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the electrocryatalization process and morphology of thin films. ALSV profiles show a differentiation for the dissolution process of individual metals and binary system. Two peaks of dissolution Cd-Pb film were observed for the binary system with different metal ion concentration ratios. The model of Scharifker and Hills was used to analyze the current transients and it revealed that Cd-Pb electrocrystalization processes at low concentration is governed by threedimensional progressive nucleation controlled by diffusion, while at higher concentration starts as a progressive nucleation then switch to instantaneous nucleation process. AFM images reveal that Cd-Pb film electrodeposited at low concentration is more roughness than Cd-Pb film electrodeposited at high concentrated solution.

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Electrochemical nucleation and growth of nano- and microparticles: some theoretical and experimental aspects

Cited by 105 publications

References 65 publications

Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Electrodeposition of Single Crystalline Co<sub>56.48</sub>Ni<sub>43.52</sub> Alloy Nanowires in AAO Template

Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposited Cadmium and Lead thin Films from a Diluted Chloride Solution

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Electrochemical nucleation and growth of nano- and microparticles: some theoretical and experimental aspects

Cited by 105 publications

References 65 publications

Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Tuning the Initial Electronucleation Mechanism of Palladium on Glassy Carbon Electrode

Electrodeposition of Single Crystalline Co&lt;sub&gt;56.48&lt;/sub&gt;Ni&lt;sub&gt;43.52&lt;/sub&gt; Alloy Nanowires in AAO Template

Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposited Cadmium and Lead thin Films from a Diluted Chloride Solution

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Electrodeposition of Single Crystalline Co<sub>56.48</sub>Ni<sub>43.52</sub> Alloy Nanowires in AAO Template