Electrochemical performance of lithium/sulfur cells with three different polymer electrolytes

Marmorstein, D; Yu, Ted H.; Striebel, Kathryn A.; McLarnon, Frank; Hou, Jingyao; Cairns, Elton J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(00)00432-8

Cited by 450 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Figure 9 displays initial discharge curves of the samples at discharge rate of 0.1 C. The discharge curves all show two typical plateaus based on the voltage profiles. The upper plateau (around 2.3 V) is well-known as the ring opening of S 8 to the linear high order lithium polysulfides (Li 2 Sn,n≥4), while the lower plateau (2.1 V) represents the reduction of high-order lithium polysulfides to low-order lithium polysulfides (Li 2 S n , n<4), even to Li 2 S, as reported previously [32,33].…”

Section: Cell Performance Evaluationssupporting

confidence: 69%

A modified hierarchical porous carbon for lithium/sulfur batteries with improved capacity and cycling stability

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Solid State Electrochem

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A hierarchical porous carbon material as the conductive matrix in the sulfur cathode for rechargeable lithium batteries is prepared by an in situ two-step activation method using sucrose as the carbon source, CaCO 3 as the template, and (CH 3 COO) 2 Cu·H 2 O (Cu(Ac) 2 ) as the additive. The microstructure and morphology of the activated porous sulfurcarbon composite is characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, N 2 adsorption-desorption, and scanning electron microscopy. The functioning mechanism of the additive on the pore formation is investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. Our results establish that thermal decomposition of the nanoCaCO 3 template results in the formation of the hierarchical porous carbon structure, and addition of Cu(Ac) 2 influences the carbonization process in an un-homogeneous way through the copper ion-sucrose reaction, resulting in the volume increment of small mesopores. The sample obtained shows better sulfur dispersion in the active porous carbon than that synthesized without Cu(Ac) 2 involvement, which is attributable to the modified pore structure and enlarged pore volume. Thus, a better utilization of sulfur is achieved and the initial discharge capacity increases from 1,287 to 1,397 mAh g −1 . Furthermore, the Li-S battery shows improved cycle stability because of enhanced interaction between the sulfur and the small mesopore.

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Section: Cell Performance Evaluationssupporting

confidence: 69%

A modified hierarchical porous carbon for lithium/sulfur batteries with improved capacity and cycling stability

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…To determine the absorption capacity of SBA-15 additive for polysulphide anions, the electrode material was extracted (in an Ar filled glovebox) from a cell which was discharged to 2.15 V in its 40th cycle at a current rate of C/5 (334 mA g −1 or 0.4 mA cm −2 ). At this potential, elemental sulphur is completely converted to soluble polysulphide species, that is, S 6 2 − ·2Li + . The cathode was investigated by SEM and EDX.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polysulphide anions also act as an internal redox shuttle, which gives rise to low coulombic efficiency: namely, a charge capacity larger than the corresponding discharge capacity 5 . Various electrolyte systems have been employed to solve the problem, including polymers 6 . A physical barrier that prevents diffusion of the polysulphide species could solve the dissolution problem, but in the long term this could be compromised.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilizing lithium–sulphur cathodes using polysulphide reservoirs

et al. 2011

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The possibility of achieving high-energy, long-life storage batteries has tremendous scientific and technological significance. An example is the Li-s cell, which can offer a 3-5-fold increase in energy density compared with conventional Li-ion cells, at lower cost. Despite significant advances, there are challenges to its wide-scale implementation, which include dissolution of intermediate polysulphide reaction species into the electrolyte. Here we report a new concept to mitigate the problem, which relies on the design principles of drug delivery. our strategy employs absorption of the intermediate polysulphides by a porous silica embedded within the carbon-sulphur composite that not only absorbs the polysulphides by means of weak binding, but also permits reversible desorption and release. It functions as an internal polysulphide reservoir during the reversible electrochemical process to give rise to long-term stabilization and improved coulombic efficiency. The reservoir mechanism is general and applicable to Li/s cathodes of any nature.

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“…Solid PEs based on PEO, [3,10,[120][121][122][123][124][125] and gel PEs based on PEO [11], PVdF/P(VdF-HFP) [12,34,46,120,126], polyacrylonitrile (PAN) [127], poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) [128], and acrylates/ methacrylates [129] have been studied for Li/S cells. Lithium salts such as LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiTFSI, LiClO 4 and LiPF 6 were most often used and the solvents for preparing gel electrolytes were mainly DME/DOL, TEGDME, EC/DMC and PC/EC.…”

Section: Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…o C and 90 o C with three different PEs based on PEO, poly(ethylene-methylene oxide) (PEMO) and PEGDME, the limiting factor for ambient temperature cell was identified to be the polarization in PEs; whereas, for 60 o C cells it was the incomplete utilization of the sulfur electrode [120]. PEO-based cells gave high initial discharge capacity at 90 o C, but resulted in a fast capacity fade.…”

Section: Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium/Sulfur Secondary Batteries: A Review

Zhao

Cheruvally

Kim

et al. 2016

Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

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Lithium batteries based on elemental sulfur as the cathode-active material capture great attraction due to the high theoretical capacity, easy availability, low cost and non-toxicity of sulfur. Although lithium/sulfur (Li/S) primary cells were known much earlier, the interest in developing Li/S secondary batteries that can deliver high energy and high power was actively pursued since early 1990's. A lot of technical challenges including the low conductivity of sulfur, dissolution of sulfurreduction products in the electrolyte leading to their migration away from the cathode, and deposition of solid reaction products on cathode matrix had to be tackled to realize a high and stable performance from rechargeable Li/S cells. This article presents briefly an overview of the studies pertaining to the different aspects of Li/S batteries including those that deal with the sulfur electrode, electrolytes, lithium anode and configuration of the batteries.

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Electrochemical performance of lithium/sulfur cells with three different polymer electrolytes

Cited by 450 publications

References 10 publications

A modified hierarchical porous carbon for lithium/sulfur batteries with improved capacity and cycling stability

A modified hierarchical porous carbon for lithium/sulfur batteries with improved capacity and cycling stability

Stabilizing lithium–sulphur cathodes using polysulphide reservoirs

Lithium/Sulfur Secondary Batteries: A Review

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