“…Biosensors have received tremendous attention as an alternative to the conventional analytical methods due to the unparalleled specificity, sensitivity, rapidity of analysis and the ability to provide a long-term monitoring and a wide range of detection capabilities, including glucose, blood oxygen level, antibodies, mycotoxins, heavy metals in drinking water, pesticides, nucleic acid and body motions pesticides [ 2 ]. A variety of approaches have been exploited, including electrochemical biosensors [ 3 – 5 ], fluorescent biosensors [ 6 ], colorimetric biosensors [ 7 , 8 ], potentiometric biosensors [ 9 , 10 ], optical biosensors [ 11 ], and Raman spectroscopy-based platforms [ 12 , 13 ]. Compared with other detection methods, electrochemistry biosensing platforms provide a more facile, cost-effective and a highly sensitive detection method which enables the fast response-recovery times, monitoring different analytes, and a very low detection limit [ 14 – 16 ].…”