Electrochemical Polishing of Lithium Metal Surface for Highly Demanding Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Gu, Yu; Wang, Weiwei; He, Jun‐Wu; Tang, Shuai; Xu, Hongbin; Yan, Jiawei; Wu, Qi‐Hui; Lian, Xiao‐Bing; Zheng, Mingsen; Dong, Quanfeng; Mao, Bing‐Wei

doi:10.1002/celc.201800907

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) measurements further show the electric properties of the as formed SEIs are also very differently. From the Nyquist plots for the three SEIs (Figure S3 and Table S1), it is immediately seen that the SEI resistance rapidly decreases as FSI content increases in the range from 110 to 5 Ω cm 2 , which are about three orders of magnitude higher than those obtained in ether based electrolytes [19a,b] . Interestingly, the resistance of the1 : 1 SEI is not the largest, despite of its largest thickness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Structures of Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases and Impacts on Initial‐Stage Lithium Deposition in Pyrrolidinium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Wang

et al. 2020

ChemElectroChem

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Electrodeposition of lithium is of both fundamental significance and practical importance. However, Li deposition has to proceed beneath a solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, we present a fundamental study on the formation of SEIs and their influences on Li initial‐stage deposition on Cu in Py14 cation‐based ionic liquids (ILs) combined with different ratios of TFSI and FSI anions. Different SEIs are pre‐formed on Cu by using cyclic voltammetry, followed by detailed characterizations by XPS and AFM, which elucidate that all the SEIs bear mosaic‐like I−O structures but with different compositions and structures and varying thicknesses of approximately 60–150 nm. The Li initial‐stage depositions are studied by using cyclic voltammetric and potential stepping techniques, and current‐time transients are analyzed with the aid of the Scharifker‐Hills model. Discrepancies in nucleation density and diffusion coefficients and their relationships with overpotentials are investigated in correlation with the SEI structures. The present work demonstrates that interfacial and bulk properties of SEI strongly affect the Li deposition processes, which provides opportunities for uniform Li deposition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Structures of Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases and Impacts on Initial‐Stage Lithium Deposition in Pyrrolidinium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Wang

et al. 2020

ChemElectroChem

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“…The layered structure of SEI can be recognized from the alternative mechanical response at different depths. [ 75,77 ] Moreover, in situ AFM is also highly useful in tracking the initial SEI formation at the electrode, which provides explicit insights on the preferential position, morphology evolution, and uniformity of the SEI. [ 68a,78 ] Recently, cryo‐TEM is developed as an advantageous technique to finely scrutinize the SEI structure.…”

Section: Structure and Component Models Of Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Critical Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in Rechargeable Batteries

Yan

Xiao

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

347

234

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The electrode/electrolyte interface plays a critical role in stabilizing the cycling performance and prolonging the service life of rechargeable batteries to meet the sustainable energy requirements of the mobile society. The understanding of interfaces is still at the preliminary stage due to the limited research techniques and variable properties with time and potential. Herein, the latest developments focused on the interfaces in rechargeable systems including the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are reviewed. The possible formation mechanisms of the electrode/electrolyte interface are discussed, followed by the introduction of two key influencing factors, specific adsorption and solvated coordinate structure, which will dominate the formation of the interface. Finally, the structure and chemical composition of the interface as well as the possible transport mechanism of lithium ions in the interface and the strategies to regulate the pathway through the interface are presented in detail. This work sheds light on the fundamental understanding of the interface and provides rational scientific principles in designing the electrode/electrolyte interface and inspires the rational design of long‐term cycling rechargeable batteries.

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“…Copyright 2018, Elsevier. (E) AFM characterization showing the morphology of polished Li metal surfaces after plating in the electrolyte of 1 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in a mixture of dimethoxyethane/1,3-dioxolane (DME/DOL, v/v=1:1) [45] . Copyright 2018, Nature Publishing Group.…”

Section: Reactive Artificial Seismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A primarily smooth foil surface and the initial stage of SEI formation were achieved by Li-metal dissolution and electrolyte reduction. The metallic Li deposition and further reduction of the electrolyte then worked together to heal the remaining defects and complete the SEI formation [Figure 2E] [45] . During the electrochemical polishing process, the ultra-smooth and ultra-thin SEI with alternating laminated inorganic-and organic-rich mixed multilayer structures was obtained.…”

Section: Chemical Treatment Of LI Metal Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating the lithiophilicity at electrode/electrolyte interface for high-energy Li-metal batteries

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Energy Mater

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Lithium-metal anodes show significant promise for the construction of high-energy rechargeable batteries due to their high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g -1 ) and low redox potential (-3.04 V vs. a standard hydrogen electrode). When Li metal is used with conventional liquid and solid electrolytes, the poor lithiophilicity of the electrolyte results in an unfavorable parasitic reaction and uneven distribution of Li + flux at the electrode/electrolyte interface. These issues result in limited cycle life and dendrite problems associated with the Li-metal anode that can lead to rapid performance fade, failure and even safety risks of the battery. The lithiophilicity at the anode/electrolyte interface is important for the stable and safe operation of rechargeable Li-metal batteries. In this review, several factors that affect the lithiophilicity of electrolytes are discussed, including surface energy, roughness and chemical interactions. The existing problems and the strategies for improving the lithiophilicity of different electrolytes are also discussed. This review helps to shed light on the understanding of interfacial chemistry vs. Li metal of various electrolytes and guide interfacial engineering towards the practical realization of high-energy

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Electrochemical Polishing of Lithium Metal Surface for Highly Demanding Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Structures of Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases and Impacts on Initial‐Stage Lithium Deposition in Pyrrolidinium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Structures of Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases and Impacts on Initial‐Stage Lithium Deposition in Pyrrolidinium‐Based Ionic Liquids

Toward Critical Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in Rechargeable Batteries

Modulating the lithiophilicity at electrode/electrolyte interface for high-energy Li-metal batteries

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