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The sections in this article are Double‐layer Properties of Pb Electrodes Properties of Solid Electrodes Properties of Liquid Electrodes Adsorption on Solid Electrodes Electrochemical Properties and Kinetics of Lead and Lead Compounds Pb ( II )/ Pb ( Hg ) System Studies in the Presence of Inhibitors and Organic Solvents Other Phenomena Complexes of Pb ( II ) and Related Phenomena Electrochemical Processes of Liquid Lead in Molten Salts Voltammetric Behavior of Lead Sulfuric Acid Solutions Nitric Acid Solutions Phosphoric Acid Solutions Sodium Hydroxide Solutions Different Salt Solutions Voltammetric Behavior of Several Lead Compounds Pb O Pb O 2 Pb chalcogenides Electrodeposition and Underpotential Deposition of Lead on Solid Substrates Platinum Gold Silver Copper Carbon Silicon Germanium Other Materials Corrosion and Passivation Applied Electrochemistry Lead‐acid Batteries Electrocatalytic Properties Pb Pb O 2 Electrochemical Sensors Potentiometric Sensors Amperometric/Voltammetric Sensors
The sections in this article are Double‐layer Properties of Pb Electrodes Properties of Solid Electrodes Properties of Liquid Electrodes Adsorption on Solid Electrodes Electrochemical Properties and Kinetics of Lead and Lead Compounds Pb ( II )/ Pb ( Hg ) System Studies in the Presence of Inhibitors and Organic Solvents Other Phenomena Complexes of Pb ( II ) and Related Phenomena Electrochemical Processes of Liquid Lead in Molten Salts Voltammetric Behavior of Lead Sulfuric Acid Solutions Nitric Acid Solutions Phosphoric Acid Solutions Sodium Hydroxide Solutions Different Salt Solutions Voltammetric Behavior of Several Lead Compounds Pb O Pb O 2 Pb chalcogenides Electrodeposition and Underpotential Deposition of Lead on Solid Substrates Platinum Gold Silver Copper Carbon Silicon Germanium Other Materials Corrosion and Passivation Applied Electrochemistry Lead‐acid Batteries Electrocatalytic Properties Pb Pb O 2 Electrochemical Sensors Potentiometric Sensors Amperometric/Voltammetric Sensors
The influence of 2-hydroxy-3-[(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonic acid (AMPSO HL) on systems containing copper(II) was studied by glass-electrode potentiometry (GEP) and direct-current polarography (DCP), at fixed total-ligand-to-total-metal-concentration ratios and various pH values (258, 0.1m KNO 3 medium). The predicted model ([CuL] , [CuL(OH)], [CuL 2 ], [CuL 2 (OH)] À , [CuL 2 (OH) 2 ] 2À , and [CuL 3 ] À ) and the overall stability constants for species found were obtained by combining results from both electrochemical techniques. The last five complexes are reported for the first time. For the species [CuL] , [CuL 2 ], [CuL 3 ] À , and [CuL 2 (OH) 2 ] 2À , it was possible to determine stability constants with reasonable certainty and their values, as log b, were found to be 4.62 AE 0.04, 9.5 AE 0.1, 13.4 AE 0.1, and 21.2 AE 0.1, respectively. For the species [CuL(OH)] and [CuL 2 (OH)] À , stability constants 11.7 AE 0.2 and 15.6 AE 0.2, respectively, are presented as indicative values. It was demonstrated that AMPSO buffer may decrease the Cu 2 concentration by ten orders of magnitude by forming complexes with Cu 2 . For the first time, the correction in DCP waves for the adsorption of the ligand and quasi-reversibility of the metal allowed to determine stability-constant values that are in good agreement with the values obtained by GEP. The importance of graphic analysis of data and significance of employing two analytical techniques was demonstrated; neither GEP nor DCP would be able to provide the correct M/L/OH À model and reliable stability constants when used independently.
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