Electrochemical synthesis of flower-like Pd nanoparticles with high tolerance toward formic acid electrooxidation

Arjona, Noé; Guerra‒Balcázar, Minerva; Cuevas-Muñiz, F.M.; Álvarez‐Contreras, Lorena; Ledesma‐García, J.; Arriaga, L.G.

doi:10.1039/c3ra41681j

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Change of spherical Pd particles into dendrites is further evident from the increase in intensity of (111) plane in the XRD pattern between 25 and 50 cycles of activation, which suggests that Pd particles formed on the carbon support through the reduction of PdCl 2 had grown along (111) plane forming a dendritic structure. The preferential growth direction along (111) plane for Pd dendrites has been reported in the literature by several research groups [13,28,29,36,52]. With the increase in electrochemical activation cycles to 100, the growth of dendrites were noticeable in the SEM images, whereas no significant difference was observed in the XRD patterns.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Among various nanostructures developed, dendrites are found to play a crucial role for catalytic and electrocatalytic applications [7][8][9][10][11]. The presence of edge and corner atoms on the dendritic structures makes them advantageous in terms of reactivity than the other low-index facet-shaped, semi-spherical structures [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the reported work showed that deposition of metals on electrochemically activated carbon black favoured a good deposition with well-dispersed ''spherical'' morphology [24][25][26], with very few reports on the synthesis of hierarchical structures (such as dendrites/flowers) on carbon substrates, for e.g. Arjona et al [13] reported on the synthesis of Pd spinous flower like structures on electrochemically activated glassy carbon. However, the influence of electrochemical activation of carbon support or the presence of surface functionalities on the morphology of Pd has not been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical synthesis of palladium dendrites on carbon support and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation

Maniam

Chetty

2015

J Appl Electrochem

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Palladium (Pd) dendrites on carbon black support were synthesized by a simple template/surfactant-free electrochemical deposition. In comparison to Pd spherical deposit obtained on non-activated carbon, Pd deposited on an electrochemically activated carbon displayed a dendritic morphology with increased electrochemical surface area and showed enhanced catalytic activity for formic acid oxidation. The effect of electrochemical activation and deposition cycles were studied in relation to the growth and morphological features of Pd deposit. Scanning electron micrographs and X-ray diffraction studies showed a transition in Pd morphology from spheres to dendrites when the carbon support was subjected to varying cycles of electrochemical activation, prior to Pd deposition. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectra results showed that the defects induced during electrochemical activation on carbon played a major role in tailoring the Pd morphology.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical synthesis of palladium dendrites on carbon support and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation

Maniam

Chetty

2015

J Appl Electrochem

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“…The hydrogen adsorption/desorption region (from −0.02 to 0.23 V vs . NHE), the capacitive region (0.23 to 0.45 V) and the zone of Pd oxides formation and their respective reduction (0.45 to 1.3 V) were identified using 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 as the electrolyte . Electrochemical profiles in alkaline medium showed that the formation of Pd oxides started at −0.1 V; meanwhile, the reduction peak potential was found at −0.2 V for Pd/C IL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Ethanol Membraneless Nanofluidic Fuel Cell With High Performance

et al. 2016

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An air‐breathing nanofluidic fuel cell (AB‐NFC) was evaluated using ethanol as the fuel. Two Pd electrocatalysts, one commercial (ETEK) and one synthesized (Pd IL), were tested as anodes and using carbon nanofoam as three‐dimensional flow‐through electrodes. It was found from the polarization and power density curves that despite differences in particle sizes, both of the electrocatalysts exhibited similar power densities in an alkaline AB‐NFC (15.4 to 15.8 mW cm−2). Nevertheless, the Pd IL provided stability over time to the AB‐NFC while performing at a higher ethanol concentration (1.5 M), which was related to its greater tolerance to poisoning compared to the commercial Pd. The cell performance of the AB‐NFC was enhanced by changing the pH of the cathodic electrolyte from an alkaline to an acidic pH. The net cell efficiency increased 44 % with a power density near 100 mW cm−2, which is one of the best power densities reported to date for membraneless micro/nanofluidic fuel cells.

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“…Figure 5 displays the CA curves of the Ag/C-5 and Ag/C-20 catalysts in 0.5M NaOH solution at 0.3V (vs. Ag/AgCl). In the first phase, it is observed that the catalysts showed a rapid current decay because of the absorbance of species on the electrode diffusion layer, and after that, it followed constant current up to the complete study of 1 hour [38,39]. The constant current with time signifies the stability of catalysts [34].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Performances Of Ag/cmentioning

confidence: 98%

Surfactant-free synthesis of carbon-supported silver (Ag/C) nanobars as an efficient electrocatalyst for alcohol tolerance and oxidation of sodium borohydride in alkaline medium

et al. 2021

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We have synthesized carbon-supported silver (Ag/C) nanobars by a simple surfactant-free hydrothermal method using glucose as the reducing reagent as well as the source of carbon in Ag/C nanobars. Physicochemical characterization of the materials was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The XRD pattern confirmed the presence of a pure metallic silver phase. No carbon phase was detected, which indicates that the carbon exists mainly in the amorphous form. The electrocatalytic activity of Ag/C in different electrolyte solutions such as 0.5 M NaOH, 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethanol (EtOH), 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethylene glycol (EG), and 0.5 M NaOH + 0.01 M NaBH4 (sodium borohydride) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA) study. Alcohol tolerance of the catalysts was also established in the presence of ethanol and ethylene glycol. The forward-to-backward current ratio from cyclic voltammetry (CV) study of Ag/C-20 (20 h) in 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethanol solution at 100 mV s−1 scan rate is 4.13 times higher compared to that of Ag/C-5 (5 h). Hence, Ag/C-20 is a better candidate for the tolerance of ethanol. In the presence of ethylene glycol (1 M) in 0.5 M NaOH solution, it is obtained that the forward-to-backward current ratio at the same scan rate for Ag/C-20 is lower than that in the presence of ethanol. The durability of the catalyst was studied by chronoamperometry measurement. We studied the electrochemical kinetics of Ag/C catalysts for borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The basic electrochemical results for borohydride oxidation show that Ag/C has very well strength and activity for direct borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The reaction of borohydride oxidation with the contemporaneous BH4−. hydrolysis was noticed at the oxidized silver surface. Among all the synthesized Ag/C catalysts, Ag/C-20 exhibited the best electrocatalytic performance for borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The activation energy and the number of exchange electrons at Ag/C-20 electrode surface for borohydride electro-oxidation were estimated as 57.2 kJ mol−1 and 2.27, respectively.

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Electrochemical synthesis of flower-like Pd nanoparticles with high tolerance toward formic acid electrooxidation

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Electrochemical synthesis of palladium dendrites on carbon support and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation

Electrochemical synthesis of palladium dendrites on carbon support and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation

Direct Ethanol Membraneless Nanofluidic Fuel Cell With High Performance

Surfactant-free synthesis of carbon-supported silver (Ag/C) nanobars as an efficient electrocatalyst for alcohol tolerance and oxidation of sodium borohydride in alkaline medium

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