Electrochemical Synthesis of LiTiO₂ and LiTi₂O₄ in Molten LiCl

Abstract

The rock salt-type LiTiO2 and spinel-type LiTi2O4 were synthesized with accurate control of stoichiometry by electrochemical insertion of Li+ into solid TiO2 (anatase) in molten LiCl. The behavior of Li+ insertion was investigated by cyclic voltammetry using a “TiO2 powder modified molybdenum electrode”. The results indicate two Li+ insertion reactions at two different potentials for the formation of LiTiO2 and LiTi2O4, respectively, as confirmed by ICP, XRD, and TEM analyses.

A Direct Electrochemical Route from Ilmenite to Hydrogen‐Storage Ferrotitanium Alloys

“…[12] The recent demonstration of electrochemical reduction of solid metal oxides in molten salts promises a novel generic technology for not only the extraction of reactive metals such as titanium and chromium, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] but also the synthesis of many functional alloys, intermetallics and inorganic materials. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Some fundamental aspects of the process have also been studied. [15][16][17][18][19][20][24][25][26][27][28][29] Aiming to address the urgent resource and commercial challenges for the development of hydrogen technology, we have investigated the electroreduction of both natural and synthetic ilmenite to give various hydrogen-storage ferrotitanium alloy powders in molten calcium chloride.…”

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26] Some fundamental aspects of the process have also been studied. [15][16][17][18][19][20][24][25][26][27][28][29] Aiming to address the urgent resource and commercial challenges for the development of hydrogen technology, we have investigated the electroreduction of both natural and synthetic ilmenite to give various hydrogen-storage ferrotitanium alloy powders in molten calcium chloride. While this work is the first example of electroreduction of a compound bimetallic oxide, for example, FeTiO 3 , the most significant and unprecedented finding is that the electrolytic alloy powders could be used directly for hydrogen storage with the performance being comparable with or better than those recently reported in literature.…”

Near-Net-Shape Production of Hollow Titanium Alloy Components via Electrochemical Reduction of Metal Oxide Precursors in Molten Salts

“…The remainder of the current-time curve in Figure 6(b) matches well with that obtained from the reduction of pure TiO 2 or different TiO 2 precursors. [13,18] This was expected as TiO 2 accounted for ca. 88.7 pct of the slip-cast metal oxide precursor.…”

“…2 hours). A notched Mo wire was then loaded with the metal oxides, as described in detail elsewhere, [18,19] and used as the working electrode for recording cyclic voltammograms (CVs) in molten CaCl 2 at 1123 K (850°C).…”

Electrochemical Preparation of Porous Ti–13Zr–13Nb Alloy and It's Corrosion Behavior in Ringer's Solution

“…To study the reduction behavior of the mixed oxide powder in the melt, cyclic voltammetry was conducted by a three-electrode system in the same as-prepared molten CaCl 2 . A powder modied electrode (PME) was fabricated from a freshly broken molybdenum wire (2 mm in diameter) which was cut by repeatedly bending 24,25) and then the oxide powder (TiO 2 -ZrO 2 -Nb 2 O 5 mixture) was pressed into the microcavity of the rough end of the broken Mo wire on a quartz plate. Using the TiO 2 -ZrO 2 -Nb 2 O 5 -PME as the working electrode, a graphite rod (6 mm in diameter) as the counter electrode and a home-made AgCl/Ag reference electrode 26) , cyclic voltammetry was recorded by a CHI660B electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co. Ltd., China) in molten CaCl 2 at 850 C in argon atmosphere.…”