Electrochemically controlled cleavage of imine bonds on a graphene platform: towards new electro-responsive hybrids for drug release

Hou, Hui‐Lei; Cardo, Lucia; Mancino, Donato; Arnáiz, Blanca; Criado, Alejandro; Prato, Maurizio

doi:10.1039/d0nr04102e

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Electric responsive polymers such as polypyrrole [ 161 ], Polyaniline [ 162 ], poly-imines [ 163 ] and graphene [ 164 ] are used to fabricate drug delivery carriers. Electro-responsive graphene carriers functionalised with aldehydes (as model drug) through imine-based linkers through covalent bonding and its cleavage upon electrolysis releases the drug [ 165 ].…”

Section: Stimuli-responsive Drug Delivery Systems Using Smart Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

2021

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The drug delivery system enables the release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient to achieve a desired therapeutic response. Conventional drug delivery systems (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.) suffer from poor bioavailability and fluctuations in plasma drug level and are unable to achieve sustained release. Without an efficient delivery mechanism, the whole therapeutic process can be rendered useless. Moreover, the drug has to be delivered at a specified controlled rate and at the target site as precisely as possible to achieve maximum efficacy and safety. Controlled drug delivery systems are developed to combat the problems associated with conventional drug delivery. There has been a tremendous evolution in controlled drug delivery systems from the past two decades ranging from macro scale and nano scale to intelligent targeted delivery. The initial part of this review provides a basic understanding of drug delivery systems with an emphasis on the pharmacokinetics of the drug. It also discusses the conventional drug delivery systems and their limitations. Further, controlled drug delivery systems are discussed in detail with the design considerations, classifications and drawings. In addition, nano-drug delivery, targeted and smart drug delivery using stimuli-responsive and intelligent biomaterials is discussed with recent key findings. The paper concludes with the challenges faced and future directions in controlled drug delivery.

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Section: Stimuli-responsive Drug Delivery Systems Using Smart Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

2021

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“…Mechanistic and system innovations could also enable the closed‐loop integration of sensing, diagnosis, and therapy to broaden the capabilities and applications of 2D wearable sensors. [ 966,967 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalably Nanomanufactured Atomically Thin Materials‐Based Wearable Health Sensors

Zhang

Jiang

2021

Small Structures

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Wearable multimodal sensors could enable the continuous, non‐invasive, precise monitoring of vital human signals critical for remote health monitoring and telemedicine. Atomically thin materials with intriguing physical characteristics, rich chemistry, and extreme sensitivity to external stimuli are attractive for implementing high‐performance wearable sensors. Despite the increased interest and efforts in 2D materials‐based wearable sensors, reducing the manufacturing and integration costs while improving the product performance remains challenging. Previous review articles provided good coverage discussing the material and device aspects of 2D materials‐based wearable devices. However, few reviews discussed the status quo, prospects, and opportunities for the scalable nanomanufacturing of 2D materials wearable sensors for health monitoring. To fill this gap, the recent advances in 2D materials‐based wearable health sensors are reviewed. The structure design, fabrication processing, the mechanisms of 2D materials‐based wearable health sensors, and their applications for human health monitoring are discussed. More significantly, a systematic discussion of the state‐of‐the‐art and technological gaps for enabling future design and nanomanufacturing of 2D materials wearable health sensors are provided. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with the scalable nanomanufacturing of 2D wearable health sensors are discussed.

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“…The FDs of fGs can also be quantitatively evaluated by the mass loss of TGA with eq 2. 37 The higher weight loss of fGs than that of exGr indicates successful functionalization. However, the order of FDs of fGs calculated from Raman measurements is not completely consistent with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) profiles (Figure 1b and Table 1).…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Interlayer Distance between Graphene and MoS₂ on Raman Enhancement

2023

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Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, particularly graphene and graphene/MoS 2 , have attracted intense attention due to their potential application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Herein, we report how to modulate the SERS response of 2D materials. First, we demonstrate that SERS based on graphene materials is inversely proportional to the functionalization degree. The covalent functionalization interrupts the conjugation of the graphene π-system, inhibiting the charge transfer between graphene and the probe molecule (Rhodamine 6G), thus reducing Raman enhancement. For graphene/MoS 2 vdW heterostructures, the SERS enhancement is dominated by the vdW interaction between graphene and MoS 2 . A shorter interlayer distance, with stronger vdW interactions, improves the dipole−dipole interaction and the charge transfer, increasing the Raman enhancement. Moreover, the SERS intensity of graphene/MoS 2 vdW heterostructures varies rapidly when the interlayer distances are less than 0.6 nm, while it varies less at interlayer distances longer than 0.6 nm. This study not only demonstrates the Raman enhancement dependence on the functionalization degree of graphene materials and the interlayer distance in graphene/MoS 2 vdW heterostructures but also opens the door for controlling and predicting the SERS intensity based on 2D materials.

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Electrochemically controlled cleavage of imine bonds on a graphene platform: towards new electro-responsive hybrids for drug release

Abstract: Graphene-based materials are particularly suitable platforms for the development of new systems able to release drugs upon the application of controlled electrochemical stimuli.

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

Scalably Nanomanufactured Atomically Thin Materials‐Based Wearable Health Sensors

Impact of the Interlayer Distance between Graphene and MoS₂ on Raman Enhancement

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Electrochemically controlled cleavage of imine bonds on a graphene platform: towards new electro-responsive hybrids for drug release

Abstract: Graphene-based materials are particularly suitable platforms for the development of new systems able to release drugs upon the application of controlled electrochemical stimuli.

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

Scalably Nanomanufactured Atomically Thin Materials‐Based Wearable Health Sensors

Impact of the Interlayer Distance between Graphene and MoS2 on Raman Enhancement

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Product

Resources

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Impact of the Interlayer Distance between Graphene and MoS₂ on Raman Enhancement