Electrochemiluminescence detection based on Ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine) immobilised in sulfonic-functionalised titania nanoparticles by ion exchange strategy

Abstract

A novel Ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine)-based solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed in this paper. The sensor was fabricated by immobilising tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)) in sulfonic-functionalised porous titania (TiO(2)-SO(3)H) nanoparticles via an ion exchange strategy, followed by employing environment friendly and stable biopolymer chitosan (CHIT) to entrap Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/TiO(2)-SO(3)H onto the ITO electrode. The prepared ECL sensor exhibited excellent ECL behaviors and a wide linear range from 7.5 x 10(-9) to 2.5 x 10(-3) M (R = 0.98) with a detection limit of 1.67 x 10(-10) M (S/N = 3) towards 2-(dibutylamino)-ethanol (DBAE) detection. In addition, it had good reproducibility, and the relative average deviation was 0.95% of ECL intensity-time curve under continuous potential scanning for 34 cycles. It also had good long-term stability for the DBAE detection. After being used in three weeks, the sensor was able to keep over 80% activity towards 2.5 x 10(-4) M of DBAE. Fabrication of the ECL sensor by this method is simple and easy, and hence has potential applications in ECL analysis and detection.

A self-assembled net structured film for the immobilization of tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(ii) and its ultrasensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescent sensing for phenol

“…[9][10][11] Various nanomaterials are becoming increasingly popular to organize the ECL probes. [12][13][14] Nanoparticles, such as Au, 15,16 Ag, 17 Pt, 18 TiO 2 , 19 SiO 2 , 20 and ZrO 2 , 21 have been used to make Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -ECL sensors exhibiting excellent performances since they increase the active area and improve the electrochemical properties of the interface.…”

Nitrate enhanced electrochemiluminescence determination of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate with a gold nanoparticles-modified gold electrode

“…Nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with special size-related electronic, magnetic and optical properties, easy preparation, relatively large surface and size controllability, are widely applied in ECL experiments. [26][27][28][29] Specifically, platinum and gold nanoparticles (Pt/Au NPs)-based electrodes offer better stability, greater sensitivity, lower detection limits, and thus have been widely used in the field of electrode modification. [30][31][32] Recently the AuNPs-enhanced ECL technique has been investigated gradually.…”

Graphite functionalization for dispersion in a two‐phase lubricant oligomer mixture

“…Citric acid, a weak organic acid, has been used to create hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface of carbon nanotubes and carbon black. 14,15 It is reportedly used in the functionalization of silica, [16][17][18][19] titania, [20][21][22] and other metal oxide nanoparticles as well. Citric acid treatment does not require complex post treatment.…”