Electrochemistry of oxygen-free curium compounds in fused NaCl–2CsCl eutectic

Осипенко, А. Г.; Maërshin, A. A.; Smolenski, Valeri; Новоселова, А. В.; Kormilitsyn, M. V.; Bychkov, A. V.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.10.061

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In most of the studies, measurements have been made simply by visual determination of the immersion depth, 4,14,17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]32,33,39,42,[49][50][51][52][53]58 which has an error associated with capillary effects and wetting between the electrode and the salt at different temperatures. Several studies used wires encased in alumina or other insulating material tubes with a known apparent surface area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method Development for Quantitative Analysis of Actinides in Molten Salts

Tylka

Willit

Prakash

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper describes how electrochemical techniques have been used to develop a method for high-precision, real-time quantitative measurements of the concentration of actinides, present in in molten salts as actinide chlorides, for pyrochemical process monitoring applications. Possible reasons for discrepancies between reported measurements obtained with electrochemical techniques have been investigated and a combination of methods to improve their precision has been established. The combination of methods consists of selecting a suitable electroanalytical measurement technique, experimentally verifying assumptions used in its theoretical analysis, ensuring reproducible conditions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, and using an improved method to eliminate the need to know the electrode surface area. By following the developed procedures and refining both experimental techniques and data analysis methods, precise and reproducible measurements were obtained for U and Pu in LiCl/KCl eutectic at 773 K. Preliminary results showed that cyclic voltammetry, along with a method of standard area addition, are very promising tools for in situ quantitative measurements with a degree of precision comparable to destructive analysis techniques. Electrorefining is the main step in pyrochemical reprocessing. During this process, actinides are separated from the bulk of the fission product elements by electrochemical dissolution and electrotransport onto a solid or liquid cathode. The goal of the process is to maximize the separation and recovery of actinides from chlorinated fission products so that minimal amounts of actinides are lost to the process waste stream. [1][2][3][4][5] In addition to efficient actinide recovery, there is a need to address the safeguarding the recycle system. 5 Highprecision, real-time concentration measurements of actinides, present as actinide chlorides, in molten salts are required for process monitoring and control and could be used to support traditional material control and accountability techniques. Development of these measurements is essential to implement and operate a commercial fuel reprocessing facility. [6][7][8][9][10] Electrochemical techniques are well suited for in situ monitoring because they allow rapid, real-time measurements, are compatible with remote handling operations, and do not require the use of standards. Also, the equipment is not affected by the high radiation field present in a fuel processing operation.9,10 Unlike offline destructive analysis techniques, in situ methods do not require representative sample collection and preparation, and therefore avoid problems with sample contamination and degradation. In addition, analytical results can be received in a relatively short period (for example, less than 2 minutes).In an electrochemical cell, the measured potential (E), current (i), or charge (Q) is related to the quantity of the analyte in the solution; therefore, it can serve as an analytical signal for concentration measurements. 11,12 Depending on the applied...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method Development for Quantitative Analysis of Actinides in Molten Salts

Tylka

Willit

Prakash

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pyrochemical reprocessing methods are based on a good knowledge of the basic chemical and electrochemical properties of actinides [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and fission products [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. This information is necessary for creating the effective technological process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is only some information about the behaviour of curium in molten salts. The fullest data about the behaviour of curium compounds in molten salts are presented in paper [5]. Transient electrochemical techniques were carried out for calculation electrochemical and thermodynamics properties of curium compounds in NaCl2CsCl eutectic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical behaviour of curium(III) ions in fused 3LiCl–2KCl eutectic

Осипенко

Maërshin

Smolenski

et al. 2011

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…Special attention is devoted to rare earth elements (REE) mainly due to its neutronic poison effect and the high content into the spend fuel. In addition, REE have similar chemical properties [Bermejo et al, 2006[Bermejo et al, , 2007[Bermejo et al, , 2008a[Bermejo et al, , 2008bCastrillejo et al, 2005aCastrillejo et al, , 2005bCastrillejo et al, , 2005cCastrillejo et al, , 2009De Cordoba et al, 2004Kuznetsov et al, 2006;Smolenski et al, 2008aSmolenski et al, , 2008b] to those of actinides [Fusselman et al, 1999;Morss, 2008;Osipenko et al, 2010Osipenko et al, , 2011Roy et al, 1996;Sakamura et al, 1998;Serp et al, 2004Serp et al, , 2005aSerp et al, , 2005bSerp et al, , 2006Serrano & Taxil, 1999;Shirai et al, 2000] hence separation between these groups of elements is very difficult. For this reason, a good knowledge of the basic properties of REE in the proposed separation media is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%