Electrochromic foil-based devices: Optical transmittance and modulation range, effect of ultraviolet irradiation, and quality assessment by 1/f current noise

Granqvist, Claes G.; Green, S.; Jonson, E.K.; Marsal, Roser; Niklasson, Gunnar A.; Roos, Arne; Topalian, Zareh; Azens, A.; Georén, Peter; Gustavsson, Greger; Karmhag, Richard; Smulko, Janusz; Kish, László B.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2007.10.074

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We should also emphasize that the presented results do not consider a dependence of gas concentration prediction on accuracy of the estimated noise spectra. This problem is still open, especially when we have to consider some unavoidable drifts at the very low frequency range [26] and their influence on the LS-SVM method [8].…”

Section: Gas Concentration [Ppm]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm

Lentka¹,

Smulko²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2015

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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This paper analyses the effectiveness of determining gas concentrations by using a prototype WO3 resistive gas sensor together with fluctuation enhanced sensing. We have earlier demonstrated that this method can determine the composition of a gas mixture by using only a single sensor. In the present study, we apply Least-Squares Support-Vector-Machine-based (LS-SVM-based) nonlinear regression to determine the gas concentration of each constituent in a mixture. We confirmed that the accuracy of the estimated gas concentration could be significantly improved by applying temperature change and ultraviolet irradiation of the WO3 layer. Fluctuation-enhanced sensing allowed us to predict the concentration of both component gases.

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Section: Gas Concentration [Ppm]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm

Lentka¹,

Smulko²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2015

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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“…The W based oxide that forms the cathode electrochromic oxide layer is the most extensively used in today's EC devices while Ni is used as the anodic electrochromic oxide. This EC smart window based on W oxide and Ni oxide works quite similar to that of electrochromic battery device and numerous studies have been reported for glass [14,33,[103][104][105][106][107][108]. Figure 9 (a) demonstrates a design of an EC smart window: the first glass is coated with ITO and W oxide, a second glass of the same kind is coated with ITO and Ni oxide, and the oxide layers are joined via an ion conducting adhesive.…”

Section: Ec Device Smart Windowmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Resulting in deeper coloration due to increased charge transfer; while also, the device may degrade especially due to formation of excess polymeric components for consistent resonant tunneling effects [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The EC devices have open circuit memory, and can function without energy for long periods; optical absorption can be tuned between states, but the optical change is slow depending on device size varying from seconds to tens of minutes [3].…”

Section: Electrochromic Smart Windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Window Technologies: Electrochromics and Nanocellulose thin film Membranes and Devices

2017

SDRP-JNMS

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ABSTRACT:Strategies for incorporating energy-efficiency requirements into building standards have been implemented by governments in developed countries in order to introduce the concept of green nanotechnology. Substituting regular glass windows in residential/commercial buildings with smart windows is the objective. The smart window is to function as electric dimming glass that is to be built with innovative nanomaterial based membranes/ coatings. Currently, the regular windows are made of glass and curtains/blinds are used to block sun light; eliminating such elements is of importance due to its limited functionality. Though these curtains/blinds blocks UV and prevents sun light illumination inside the rooms, but there are additional issues such as health hazards (e.g. dust and germ collection especially in hospitals) relating to asthma problems, disposal/recycling issues, regular cost, and maintenance which are some of the possible glitches. The smart window is expected to block harmful UV light and provide controlled privacy while also eliminating the problems related to curtains/blinds. Electrochromic (EC) smart windows are already in use that varies the throughput of visible light by electrical voltage or by solar energy application and are able to provide energy efficiency and indoor comfort. These smart windows comprises of electrochromic materials such as LixWO2.89 and HxNiO2 as cathodic and anodic oxide films, respectively, and other complex polymers, which are complicated to create, expensive and some are hazardous in nature. Nanocellulose (achieved from wood/pulp product) is already being used in flexible electronics, so nanomaterial membrane based suspended particle device (SPD) technology for smart window is a probable alternative to EC devices, but still under research. This paper reviews, introduces and discusses the present situation of both (EC and SPD) options for the state-of-the-art smart windows and its applications while also provide ample references to current literature of particular relevance and thereby, hopefully, an easy entrance to the research field. Also the paper presents an outlook for an innovative technology for smart-windows with SPD-EC technology to work as dimming glass on voltage application while also induce the capability of solar applications in smart windows leading to green nanotechnology in buildings.

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“…The importance of information deduced from experiments on noise properties of the electronic components is also of practical usefulness since it may be then used for the improvement of a manufacturing process to achieve technological advantage [7,13]. It should be noted that noise is at the front of new technological improvements not only in micro-but also in nanotechnology including new layered [15] and porous materials as well as structures [16]. Despite of many advantages of electronic component characterization by means of noise measurements, it is still lacking thorough studies concerning noise in TFRs in a wide temperature range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise Spectroscopy of Resistive Components at Elevated Temperature

Stadler

Zawiślak

Dziedzic

et al. 2014

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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Studies of electrical properties, including noise properties, of thick-film resistors prepared from various resistive and conductive materials on LTCC substrates have been described. Experiments have been carried out in the temperature range from 300 K up to 650 K using two methods, i.e. measuring (i) spectra of voltage fluctuations observed on the studied samples and (ii) the current noise index by a standard meter, both at constant temperature and during a temperature sweep with a slow rate. The 1/f noise component caused by resistance fluctuations occurred to be dominant in the entire range of temperature. The dependence of the noise intensity on temperature revealed that a temperature change from 300 K to 650 K causes a rise in magnitude of the noise intensity approximately one order of magnitude. Using the experimental data, the parameters describing noise properties of the used materials have been calculated and compared to the properties of other previously studied thick-film materials.

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Electrochromic foil-based devices: Optical transmittance and modulation range, effect of ultraviolet irradiation, and quality assessment by 1/f current noise

Cited by 43 publications

References 40 publications

Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm

Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm

Smart Window Technologies: Electrochromics and Nanocellulose thin film Membranes and Devices

Noise Spectroscopy of Resistive Components at Elevated Temperature

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