Electrocoagulation in Wastewater Treatment

Butler, Erick; Hung, Yung Tse; Yeh, Ruth Yu‐Li; Ahmad, Mohammed Suleiman Al

doi:10.3390/w3020495

Cited by 217 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Electrocoagulation technology is a treatment process where electrical current is applied to treat and flocculate contaminants (Butler et al, 2011;Mollah et al, 2001). The electrocoagulation process works on the principle of oxidative or reductive chemistry and it needs relatively simple equipment called electrodes at ambient temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Feedlot Nutrients Runoff by Electrocoagulation Process

Thapa¹,

Rahman²,

Borhan³

2015

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Nutrient runoff from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) may cause ground and surface water pollution. Scientists and researchers are continually searching for appropriate technologies to mitigate feedlot nutrient runoff pollution. In this study, suitability of electrocoagulation treatment process was examined under laboratory conditions to mitigate nutrient pollutants from the feedlot runoff. Feedlot runoff was treated with three different type of electrodes such as aluminum (Al-Al), iron (Fe-Fe) and hybrid (Al-Fe) at different electrical voltage potentials (5, 10 and 15 Volts) for a designated time step (up to 30 min). The electrocoagulation cell consisted of two parallel rectangular plate electrodes, immersed in a beaker with 500 mL feedlot runoff and powered by a Direct Current (DC) supply. This study was conducted in batches at room temperature. Results indicated that Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Phosphorus (TP), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentration reduced significantly irrespective of electrode types. Overall, TP concentration reduction was higher (100%) followed by COD (50-75%) and TN (25-60%) concentration. Nutrient removal and specific electrical energy consumption increased with increasing voltage level. Aluminum electrodes were more effective than the other two electrodes for TP reduction at all applied potentials and COD reduction was better at lower applied potential. Hybrid electrodes (Al-Fe) reduced TN better than the other two electrodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Feedlot Nutrients Runoff by Electrocoagulation Process

Thapa¹,

Rahman²,

Borhan³

2015

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…At the anode side: 4Fe + 10H2O + O2 → 4Fe(OH)3 + 4H2 (4) Detailed explanations of the electro-coagulation process can be found in [13,14].…”

Section: Electrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and energy footprint of electrochemical vinegar wastewater treatment

Gerek¹,

Yılmaz²,

Koparal³

et al. 2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. Electrochemical treatment of wastewaters that are rich in organic compounds is a popular method, due to its acidic nature that avoids biological treatment. In many cases, the pollution hazard is considered as the chemical oxygen demand (COD) from active carbon, and the success of the treatment is measured in terms of how much this specific parameter is reduced. However, if electricity is used during the treatment process, the treatment "itself" has manufacturing and operational energy costs. Many of the studies consider energy utilization as a monetary cost, and try to reduce its amount. However, the energy cost of the treatment also causes emission of carbon at the energy producing side of the closed loop. This carbon emission can be converted into oxygen demand, too. Therefore, it can be argued that one must look for the total optimal carbon efficiency (or oxygen demand), while reducing the COD. We chose a highly acidic wastewater case of vinegar production, which is a popular food product in Turkey, to demonstrate the high energy consumption and carbon emission problem of the electrochemical treatment approach. A novel strategy is presented to monitor total oxygen demand simultaneously at the treatment and energy production sides. Necessity of renewable energy utilization and conditions on process termination points are discussed.

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“…NOM removal by coagulation is due to several mechanisms, which include double layer compression, charge neutralization, sweep coagulation, and interparticle bridging [22]. Several factors influence efficiency and effectiveness of coagulation by metal salts, including, but not limited to, coagulant dose, pH, alkalinity, temperature, and ions present in the solution.…”

Section: Coagulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Application of an Advanced Separation Process for NOM Removal from Surface Drinking Water Supply

2017

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Natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water supplies significantly impacts on water supply quality and treatment, due to observed reactivity with many dissolved and particulate species. Several technologies are used nowadays to remove NOM from the water supply. The evolution of water-related directives, and progressively more restrictive standards for drinking water, however, call for the investigation of advanced, more efficient, and cost-effective water treatment processes. This paper contains a brief overview on the state-of-the-art methods for NOM removal from supply waters, and describes the experimental application of an advanced technology, tested and validated at the pilot scale on the water supply source of a town in Poland. The process allowed significant removal of natural organic matter (about 50% as Dissolved Organic Carbon) and turbidity (from 50% to 90%), however, these results requested significant additions of powdered activated carbon. The key to success of this type of process is a correct setup with the identification of optimal types and dosages of reagents. Based on the results of the tests conducted it is foreseeable that this technology could be used onsite, not only for removal of NOM, but also of other hard-to-tackle pollutants potentially contained in the freshwater supply and not presently considered.

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Electrocoagulation in Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 217 publications

References 145 publications

Remediation of Feedlot Nutrients Runoff by Electrocoagulation Process

Remediation of Feedlot Nutrients Runoff by Electrocoagulation Process

Carbon and energy footprint of electrochemical vinegar wastewater treatment

Experimental Application of an Advanced Separation Process for NOM Removal from Surface Drinking Water Supply

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