Electrocortical activity changes in response to unpredictable trip perturbations induced by a split-belt treadmill

An, Junmo; Yoo, Dongyual; Lee, Beom-Chan

doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8856762

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There was also evidence that the PPC is involved in challenging gaits such as dual-task walking [ 48 , 49 ]. An et al reported that unpredictable perturbations increased cortical activity in the SMA and PPC compared to normal walking [ 52 ]. Pizzamiglio et al reported that gait speed and left PPC alpha (8–12 Hz) band were correlated when walking during conversation, and that mid-lateral trunk acceleration was predicted by left PPC beta (15–25 Hz) band when walking while texting [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cortical Activity during Preferred and Fast Speed Walking under Single- and Dual-Tasks in the Young-Old and Old-Old Elderly

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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In the elderly, walking while simultaneously engaging in other activities becomes more difficult. This study aimed to examine the changes in cortical activity during walking with aging. We try to reveal the effects of an additional task and increased walking speed on cortical activation in the young-old and the old-old elderly. Twenty-seven young-old (70.2 ± 3.0 years) and 23 old-old (78.0 ± 2.3 years) participated in this study. Each subject completed four walking tasks on the treadmill, a 2 × 2 design; two single-task (ST) walking conditions with self-selected walking speed (SSWS) and fast walking speed (FWS), and two dual-task (DT) walking conditions with SSWS and FWS. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was applied for measurement of cerebral oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration during walking. Cortical activities were increased during DT conditions compared with ST conditions but decreased during the FWS compared with the SSWS on the primary leg motor cortex, supplementary motor area, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in both the young-old and the old-old. These oxyHb concentration changes were significantly less prominent in the old-old than in the young-old. This study demonstrated that changes in cortical activity during dual-task walking are lower in the old-old than in the young-old, reflecting the reduced adaptive plasticity with severe aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cortical Activity during Preferred and Fast Speed Walking under Single- and Dual-Tasks in the Young-Old and Old-Old Elderly

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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“…Compared to the loss of balance due to a physical pull at the waist, however, visual perturbations elicited more prominent responses from the parieto-occipital areas. During recovery from loss of balance during unexpected slips, compared to steady walking, spectral power from sensorimotor cortex similarly increased in the theta band and decreased in the alpha band, while alpha and beta band spectral power decreased from the parietal cortex (An et al, 2019 ). In response to unexpected obstacles that appeared on a treadmill belt during walking and running, event-related spectral power fluctuations from time-frequency analysis further identified spectral power increases from the premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, and the parietal cortex in the delta, theta, and alpha bands.…”

Section: Mobile Eeg For Studying the Neural Control Of Locomotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low signal-to-noise ratio and comparatively poor spatial resolution in relation to fMRI and molecular imaging methods have been progressively addressed through advanced signal processing to isolate and localize electrocortical source activity using independent component analysis and forward head modeling techniques (Delorme and Makeig, 2004 ; Acar and Makeig, 2010 ; Vorwerk et al, 2018 ). Leveraging these advancements, recent locomotion studies have extended our understanding of human brain activity during treadmill (Castermans et al, 2014 ; Nathan and Contreras-Vidal, 2016 ; Bradford et al, 2016 ; Nordin et al, 2019a ) and overground locomotion (Luu et al, 2017a ) in complex virtual (Luu et al, 2016 , 2017b ) and real-world environments (Bruijn et al, 2015 ; An et al, 2019 ; Peterson and Ferris, 2019 ), and during robotically assisted gait (Wagner et al, 2012 ; Li et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Electroencephalography for Studying Neural Control of Human Locomotion

Song

Nordin

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Walking or running in real-world environments requires dynamic multisensory processing within the brain. Studying supraspinal neural pathways during human locomotion provides opportunities to better understand complex neural circuity that may become compromised due to aging, neurological disorder, or disease. Knowledge gained from studies examining human electrical brain dynamics during gait can also lay foundations for developing locomotor neurotechnologies for rehabilitation or human performance. Technical barriers have largely prohibited neuroimaging during gait, but the portability and precise temporal resolution of non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) have expanded human neuromotor research into increasingly dynamic tasks. In this narrative mini-review, we provide a (1) brief introduction and overview of modern neuroimaging technologies and then identify considerations for (2) mobile EEG hardware, (3) and data processing, (4) including technical challenges and possible solutions. Finally, we summarize (5) knowledge gained from human locomotor control studies that have used mobile EEG, and (6) discuss future directions for real-world neuroimaging research.

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“…This observation argues for an involvement of both areas in the anticipation and probably also compensation of an expected postural imbalance. Likewise, An et al [13] who investigated the contribution of the sensory motor cortex and the PPC to recovery responses following unpredictable perturbations during standing or walking. Both areas showed a suppressed activity in the alpha band during periods of balance recovery [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, An et al [13] who investigated the contribution of the sensory motor cortex and the PPC to recovery responses following unpredictable perturbations during standing or walking. Both areas showed a suppressed activity in the alpha band during periods of balance recovery [13]. The significant role of the posterior parietal cortex in the stabilization of balance is further corroborated by Lin et al [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of body balance with Light Touch following a mechanical perturbation: Adaption of sway and disruption of right posterior parietal cortex by cTBS

et al. 2020

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Light touch with an earth-fixed reference point improves balance during quite standing. In our current study, we implemented a paradigm to assess the effects of disrupting the right posterior parietal cortex on dynamic stabilization of body sway with and without Light Touch after a graded, unpredictable mechanical perturbation. We hypothesized that the benefit of Light Touch would be amplified in the more dynamic context of an external perturbation, reducing body sway and muscle activations before, at and after a perturbation. Furthermore, we expected sway stabilization would be impaired following disruption of the right Posterior Parietal Cortex as a result of increased postural stiffness. Thirteen young adults stood blindfolded in Tandem-Romberg stance on a force plate and were required either to keep light fingertip contact to an earth-fixed reference point or to stand without fingertip contact. During every trial, a robotic arm pushed a participant's right shoulder in medio-lateral direction. The testing consisted of 4 blocks before TMS stimulation and 8 blocks after, which alternated between Light Touch and No Touch conditions. In summary, we found a strong effect of Light Touch, which resulted in improved stability following a perturbation. Light Touch decreased the immediate sway response, steady state sway following re-stabilization, as well as muscle activity of the Tibialis Anterior. Furthermore, we saw gradual decrease of muscle activity over time, which indicates an adaptive process following exposure to repetitive trials of perturbations. We were not able to confirm our hypothesis that disruption of the rPPC leads to increased postural stiffness. However, after disruption of the rPPC, muscle activity of the Tibialis Anterior is decreased more compared to sham. We conclude that rPPC disruption enhanced the intra-session adaptation to the disturbing effects of the perturbation.

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Electrocortical activity changes in response to unpredictable trip perturbations induced by a split-belt treadmill

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Changes in Cortical Activity during Preferred and Fast Speed Walking under Single- and Dual-Tasks in the Young-Old and Old-Old Elderly

Changes in Cortical Activity during Preferred and Fast Speed Walking under Single- and Dual-Tasks in the Young-Old and Old-Old Elderly

Mobile Electroencephalography for Studying Neural Control of Human Locomotion

Stabilization of body balance with Light Touch following a mechanical perturbation: Adaption of sway and disruption of right posterior parietal cortex by cTBS

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