Electrodeposition of metals into porous silicon

Jeske, Michael; Schultze, J.W.; Thönissen, M.; Münder, H.

doi:10.1016/0040-6090(94)05605-d

Cited by 153 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…2 together with the spectrum for the conventional PS for comparison. For the sample prepared with the in situ copper doping, the peak intensity of the SiuOuSi stretching is relatively larger than that of the conventional PS, which is due to the following coupled redox reaction: 3 Oxidation: Siϩ2H 2 O→SiO 2 ϩ4H ϩ ϩ4e Ϫ…”

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“…This finding is consistent with the earlier reports that the oxidation of PS occurs simultaneously with metal deposition. 2,3,6 The Si-H x ͑2090-2150 cm Ϫ1 ͒ stretching mode is known to be observed for the freshly etched sample and the H-SiO x stretching mode peaked around 2190-2250 cm Ϫ1 is typical of the aged sample. Other peaks are related to carbon contamination.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Often, the PL of PS is quenched by the deposition, and the oxidation of PS occurs simultaneously with the metal deposition. 2,3,6 Recently, we reported ambient full-color PL from PS that was obtained through electrochemical etching aided by an ''oxidative'' metal such as Zn without any postanodizing treatment. 10 In the course of the etching, Zn deposition does not take place and therefore Zn plays a role in altering the luminescence characteristics.…”

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Blue photoluminescence from in situ Cu-doped porous silicon

Suh

Kim

Lee

2002

Journal of Applied Physics

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We have observed weak blue photoluminescence from in situ Cu-doped porous silicon formed by electrochemical etching with a low etching current density that is aided by cuprous chloride ͓Cu͑I͒Cl͔. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy reveal that the blue emission is associated with formation of the carbonyl group that is catalyzed by Cu on the surface of the porous silicon. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.1476961͔The observation of visible room-temperature photoluminescence ͑PL͒ from porous silicon ͑PS͒ 1 has stimulated many studies for potential applications in silicon-based optoelectronics. Metal deposition on PS is needed to realize potential applications in optoelectronics. There are many techniques available for the deposition such as vapor deposition, sputtering, electrodeposition, and immersion plating. Immersion or electroless plating refers to the plating of soluble metal ions onto a base material without applying a bias. Several authors have investigated the PL properties and chemical composition of metal-doped ͑Cu, Ag, and Au͒ PS, 2-9 in particular by the immersion plating method. Typical metal content is about 10 at. %. Often, the PL of PS is quenched by the deposition, and the oxidation of PS occurs simultaneously with the metal deposition. 2,3,6 Recently, we reported ambient full-color PL from PS that was obtained through electrochemical etching aided by an ''oxidative'' metal such as Zn without any postanodizing treatment. 10 In the course of the etching, Zn deposition does not take place and therefore Zn plays a role in altering the luminescence characteristics. If we use a ''reductive'' metal such as Cu, which has a higher reductive potential than hydrogen, it is expected that PL quenching occurs during etching due to the deposition of Cu ion unto the surface.Copper is known to promote chemisorption of carbon dioxide at room temperature with the aid of adsorbed oxygen to give a surface carbonate. 11 In addition, adsorbed carbon compounds such as alkanes could be more easily oxidized because of the ''reductive'' nature of copper. Once PS is formed and exposed to air, it undergoes aging with some regions attacked by carbon compounds. As PS has a large surface area, the formation of carbonyl group (CvO) could be facilitated under the catalytic action of copper. Huang 7 has given an experimental evidence for the formation of carbonyl group. He reported that two new peaks appeared at 1720.3 cm Ϫ1 and 2949.2 cm Ϫ1 from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ͑FTIR͒ measurements when the as-prepared PS sample was dipped into a dilute aqueous CuF 2 solution. Although the two new peaks were not discussed, it is clear that they originate from carbon contamination ͑CvO for 1720.3 cm Ϫ1 and CH x for 2949.2 cm Ϫ1 ͒. When carbon is incorporated into PS, PL properties do change and frequently blue PL is detected from carbonyl (CvO) compounds. 12,13 In this communication, we report weak blue PL from in situ Cu-doped PS fo...

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Blue photoluminescence from in situ Cu-doped porous silicon

Suh

Kim

Lee

2002

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…This is because the PL intensity of PSi can be strongly quenched by metal plating. 18 Magnetic nano-and microparticles have been employed for microfluidic applications, 19 as such particles can be easily manipulated by external magnetic fields from an electromagnet or a permanent magnet. Recently, PSi powders incorporated with magnetic nanoparticles have been used for the manipulation of microliter-scale liquid droplets 20 and for the delivery of nanogram molecular species in fluid.…”

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confidence: 99%

Properties of magnetic nickel/porous-silicon composite powders

Nakamura

Adachi

2012

AIP Advances

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The magnetic and photoluminescence (PL) properties of nickel/porous-silicon (Ni/PSi) composite powders are investigated. Ni/PSi composite powders are prepared by stain etching of Si powder in a HF/HNO3 solution followed by electroless plating of Ni nanoparticles on the stain-etched PSi powder in a NiCl2 solution. The Ni/PSi powders exhibit hydrophillicity, superparamagnetism caused by the deposited Ni nanoparticles, and orange-red PL owing to the nanostructured PSi surface. The degree of magnetization decreases with increasing Ni plating time, indicating its dependence on the size of the Ni nanoparticles. The Ni/PSi composite powders also show a stronger magnetization as compared to that of the Ni-particle-plated Si powder. The stronger magnetization results from the larger surface area of PSi. The PL intensity, peak wavelength, and lifetime of Ni/PSi are strongly dependent on the NiCl2 concentration. This dependence is due to the different thickness of the oxide overlayer on the PSi surface formed during the Ni plating process. The existence of the oxide overlayer also results in a small change in the PL intensity against excitation time

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“…Under this condition, the metal nuclei grow slowly and form uniform nanoparticles with high-adhesion strength on the porous silicon. 9,20 The reactions between the metal and the porous silicon can be described as: 21 Oxidation: Si + 2H2O → SiO2 + 4H + + 4e -, Reduction: Me z+ + ze -→ Me.…”

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Electrochemical Fabrication of Nanostructures on Porous Silicon for Biochemical Sensing Platforms

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2016

ANAL. SCI.

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SERS is one of the most widely researched analytical tools due to its ability to detect enhanced Raman signals for molecules adsorbed on special metallic surfaces with nanoscale roughness. We present a method for the electrochemical patterning of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on porous silicon, and explore their applications in: (1) the quantitative analysis of hydroxylamine as a chemical sensing electrode and (2) as a highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate for Rhodamine 6G. For hydroxylamine detection, AuNPs-porous silicon can enhance the electrochemical oxidation of hydroxylamine. The current changed linearly for concentrations ranging from 100 μM to 1.32 mM (R 2 = 0.995), and the detection limit was determined to be as low as 55 μM. When used as SERS substrates, these materials also showed that nanoparticles decorated on porous silicon substrates have more SERS hot spots than those decorated on crystalline silicon substrates, resulting in a larger SERS signal. Moreover, AgNPs-porous silicon provided five-times higher signal compared to AuNPs-porous silicon. From these results, we expect that nanoparticles decorated on porous silicon substrates can be used in various types of biochemical sensing platforms.

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Electrodeposition of metals into porous silicon

Cited by 153 publications

References 7 publications

Blue photoluminescence from in situ Cu-doped porous silicon

Blue photoluminescence from in situ Cu-doped porous silicon

Properties of magnetic nickel/porous-silicon composite powders

Electrochemical Fabrication of Nanostructures on Porous Silicon for Biochemical Sensing Platforms

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