Electroencephalographs Study of Chickens: Periodic Recurrence of Low Voltage and Fast Waves during Behavioral Sleep

Ookawa, Takanori; Gotoh, Jiro

doi:10.3382/ps.0431603

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…From the present investigation, we found that the large-amplitude slow waves similar to the EEG pattern of "slow" sleeping stage (Ookawa and Gotoh, 1964) appeared in the surface of the chicken cerebrum under -intraperitoneal administration of Nembutal (level-I). This stage was not clearly observed under intravenous injection of Nembutal, because the EEGs were quickly changed into fairly continuous spiky waves with high-amplitude by way of the burst waves (Ookawa and Gotoh, 1965).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Barbiturates on EEG in Adult Chickens: Intraperitoneal Administration

Kadono¹,

Ookawa²,

Shibata³

1967

Poultry Science

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mentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Barbiturates on EEG in Adult Chickens: Intraperitoneal Administration

Kadono¹,

Ookawa²,

Shibata³

1967

Poultry Science

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“…During paradoxical sleep (PS) as de®ned by the EMG (electromyogram) in adult chickens, there is no complete loss of the cervical muscle activity (Ookawa and Gotoh, 1964, l965;Klein et al, 1964;Karmanova et al, 1970). The periods of PS were of very short duration, mostly 6 seconds in adult chickens (Ookawa and Gotoh, 1964) and mainly 6 ± 8 seconds in young chickens (Hishikawa et al, 1969).…”

Section: Paradoxical Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

Ookawa¹

2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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Recent electroencephalographic studies on the surface and subsurface of the chicken striatum confirmed that there is a marked correlation between the electroencephalogram (the EEG) and behavioural states of the chicken during wakefulness and sleep. An asymmetrical EEG pattern was recorded from the surface and subsurface of the chicken telencephalon. The chicken EEG changes are essentially similar to those of mammals, though the sleep spindles observed in mammalian neo-cortex are lacking in the chicken cerebrum. Birds exhibit a unique behavioural and electro-physiological state called unihemispheric sleep' in which one cerebral hemisphere is awake and the other is sleep. This finding identified electroencephalographically that the optic nervous fibres undergo a complete dicussation in birds. Chicks blinded by bilateral optic enucleation retain the ability to develop normal growth. The EEG associated with sleep was characterised by high amplitude and slow waves, and by low voltage fast waves, that is, paradoxical sleep in blinded chickens. During wakefulness, the EEG of blinded chickens shows the arousal pattern. The classification of stages from wakefulness to sleep has not yet been fully established in the birds.

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“…Two groups (Klein et al 1964;Ookawa and Gotoh 1964) described avian sleep types in 1964. The question of paradoxical sleep in birds is of interest as, while the mammal and bird have reptilian ancestry, their divergency (the bird possibly through a dinosaur type phase) is at such phases of reptile development (250 million years ago) (Brodkorb 1971) as to demand separate and unrelated evolution of the faculty in each class.…”

Section: Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian sleep

Staunton

2005

Naturwissenschaften

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This review examines the biological background to the development of ideas on rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep), so-called paradoxical sleep (PS), and its relation to dreaming. Aspects of the phenomenon which are discussed include physiological changes and their anatomical location, the effects of total and selective sleep deprivation in the human and animal, and REM sleep behavior disorder, the latter with its clinical manifestations in the human. Although dreaming also occurs in other sleep phases (non-REM or NREM sleep), in the human, there is a contingent relation between REM sleep and dreaming. Thus, REM is taken as a marker for dreaming and as REM is distributed ubiquitously throughout the mammalian class, it is suggested that other mammals also dream. It is suggested that the overall function of REM sleep/dreaming is more important than the content of the individual dream; its function is to place the dreamer protagonist/observer on the topographical world. This has importance for the developing infant who needs to develop a sense of self and separateness from the world which it requires to navigate and from which it is separated for long periods in sleep. Dreaming may also serve to maintain a sense of 'I'ness or "self" in the adult, in whom a fragility of this faculty is revealed in neurological disorders.

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Electroencephalographs Study of Chickens: Periodic Recurrence of Low Voltage and Fast Waves during Behavioral Sleep

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of Barbiturates on EEG in Adult Chickens: Intraperitoneal Administration

Effects of Barbiturates on EEG in Adult Chickens: Intraperitoneal Administration

The electroencephalogram and sleep in the domestic chicken

Mammalian sleep

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