Electroluminescence And Related Topics

Ivey, Henry F.; Fischer, A.

doi:10.1149/1.2425658

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…impurities and boundaries. In particular, electroluminescence [22] (at visible and infrared frequencies) would be expected to occur in this picture at the sample-positive electrode boundary, where holes are injected into the hole metal sample. The effect should be strongest in samples where the holes are highly dressed in the normal state, i.e.…”

Section: DC Conductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why holes are not like electrons: A microscopic analysis of the differences between holes and electrons in condensed matter

Hirsch

2002

Phys. Rev. B

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We give a detailed microscopic analysis of why holes are different from electrons in condensed matter. Starting from a single atom with zero, one and two electrons, we show that the spectral functions for electrons and for holes are qualitatively different because of electron-electron interactions. The quantitative importance of this difference increases as the charge of the nucleus decreases. Extrapolating our atomic analysis to the solid, we discuss the expected differences in the single particle spectral function and in frequency dependent transport properties for solids with nearly empty and nearly full electronic energy bands. We discuss the expected dependence of these quantities on doping, and the physics of superconductivity that results. We also discuss how these features of the atomic physics can be modeled by a variety of model Hamiltonians.

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Section: DC Conductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why holes are not like electrons: A microscopic analysis of the differences between holes and electrons in condensed matter

Hirsch

2002

Phys. Rev. B

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“…-Ce phénomène a ete d6couvert par Destriau. Parmi les differents m6canismes [12,13] proposes pour expliquer 1'effet Destriau, citons le processus d'excitation par chocs formul6 par l'auteur [14]. Suivant cette hypothese, 1'auteur admet qu'un centre luminog6ne est excite par le choc des electrons de la bande de conductivit6 acc6l6r6s par le champ.…”

Section: Iunclassified

“…3). La courbe spectrale obtenue au spectrophotomètre est repre-sent6e par celle en traits pleins de la figure 13. Nous voyons qu'en plus de la courbe de fluorescence de 1'orange d'acridine representee en pointille, nous obtenons une courbe d'emission situ6e vers 4 350 A provenant de la lumiere des effluves non absorb6e par l'orang6 d'acridine.…”

Section: Fig 12unclassified

Électroluminescence gazeuse : étude de la brillance et de l'intensité de courant

Hoarau

1968

J. Phys. France

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(3e). (Reçu le 17 avril 1968.) Résumé. 2014 Une cellule électroluminescente gazeuse est constituée de deux armatures planes dont l'une est métallique et l'autre en verre électroconducteur recouvert de mica. Le gaz (air ou azote) d'une épaisseur de 20 à 80 03BC. est soumis à un champ alternatif de 105 à 106 V/cm. L'étude de la brillance de cette cellule gazeuse montre certaines analogies entre électroluminescence gazeuse et électroluminescence de solides organiques lorsque nous comparons l'action de la tension et de la fréquence, et que nous observons les spectres d'émission et les ondes de brillance. L'étude de l'intensité de courant fait apparaître les analogies et différences entre l'effet couronne en champ alternatif et l'effet dans les cellules gazeuses soumises au même champ. Abstract. 2014 A gaseous electroluminescent cell is constructed of a metal electrode and an electrode of conducting glass covered with film of mica (thickness 30 03BC) necessary to avoid electrical breakdown. The gas (air or nitrogen) is placed between the film of mica and the metal electrode. The thickness of gaseous layer varies from 20 to 80 03BC and alternating fields from 105 to 106 V/cm are employed. The study of the brightness emitted by this gaseous electroluminescent cell shows some analogies between gaseous electroluminescence and that of organic solids. These analogies are shown if we compare the effect of applied voltage and frequency on the brightness and if we observe the emission spectra and brightness waves. Study of the current shows analogies and differences between the alternating-current corona and discharge into gaseous electroluminescent cell.

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“…The mechanism of operation of ACPEL devices has been the subject of some debate. [3][4][5] As the voltage across the sandwich increases, initially no light is emitted until a voltage threshold is exceeded, when it is thought that carriers (holes and electrons) are generated in the phosphor matrix by the applied field. These carriers are swept by the field in opposite directions, before eventually recombination occurs with the emission of light.…”

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confidence: 99%

Non-Passive Behavior of Equivalent Circuit Components in AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) Lamps

Winscom

Harris

Silver

2016

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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For the first time, the voltage and frequency characteristics of a single layer AC powder electroluminescent lamp have been examined in detail to reveal the individual contributions of the material components involved. Statistical modelling has been employed to refine the equivalent circuit description of the lamp. DC-blocked resistance-capacitance networks can be reduced to a single effective resistance and capacitance in series. The frequency dependence of these two quantities in the range 4-1600 Hz has been used to unravel the behavior of the different underlying resistance and capacitance components at different voltage amplitudes in the range 25-150 V. The resistive contribution, R, of the activated ZnS phosphor is shown to be non-passive, and obeys the form: R(V,f) = R 0 (V).f −1/3 .e −T.f , where V is the applied voltage, f is the frequency and T is a time constant, at all voltages. For both ZnS and BaTiO 3 , other characteristics indicate the presence of a thinner, non-polarized region within each semiconducting particle located within the particle's crust. Thick film AC electroluminescence, also referred to as AC powder electroluminescence (ACPEL), can be achieved with a simplyconstructed layer structure to produce a surface-distributed light source. The first examples were reported by Destriau in 1936.1 Today, the use of modern materials 2 allows the structure of the AC electroluminescent device to be reduced to just one active layer between two electrodes; this makes the manufacture of this light source particularly economical. The mechanism of operation of ACPEL devices has been the subject of some debate. [3][4][5] As the voltage across the sandwich increases, initially no light is emitted until a voltage threshold is exceeded, when it is thought that carriers (holes and electrons) are generated in the phosphor matrix by the applied field. These carriers are swept by the field in opposite directions, before eventually recombination occurs with the emission of light. This may occur both before and after the voltage across the device is reversed. After exceeding the voltage threshold for light emission, further increases in the voltage produce a near linear increase in luminescence. 2The economic advantage offered by ACPEL light sources is offset by two main weaknesses: efficacy and longevity, both of which are at least an order of magnitude worse than for the OLED alternative as a surface-distributed light source. In order to tackle efficacy improvement, we believe that a thorough characterization of the ACPEL device is a strategic prerequisite. The purpose of this work, then, has been to derive and characterize a reliable equivalent circuit, and identify as far as possible the contributions which the individual material components make to elements of that circuit. Over the last several decades, ACPEL equivalent circuits ranging from a simple capacitance to more complex passive resistance -capacitance networks 6,7 have been proposed, but have lacked detailed experimental confirmation. In the related ...

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Electroluminescence And Related Topics

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Why holes are not like electrons: A microscopic analysis of the differences between holes and electrons in condensed matter

Why holes are not like electrons: A microscopic analysis of the differences between holes and electrons in condensed matter

Électroluminescence gazeuse : étude de la brillance et de l'intensité de courant

Non-Passive Behavior of Equivalent Circuit Components in AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) Lamps

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