Electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage

Abstract

A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk Journal NameThis journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 20xxJ. Name., 2013, 00, 1-3 | 1 Electrolyte is a key component of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices and its properties greatly affect the energy capacity, rate performance, cyclability and safety of all EES devices. This article offers a critical review of recent progresses and challenges in electrolyte research and development particularly for supercapacitors and supercapatteries, recharegable batteries (such as lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries), and redox flow batteries (including fuel cells in a broad sense). The review will focus on liquid electrolytes, particularly aqueous and organic electrolytes, ionic liquids and molten salts. Influences of electrolyte properties on the performances of different EES devices are discussed in detail.

Transformation of Spent Li‐Ion Battery in to High Energy Supercapacitors in Asymmetric Configuration

“…The CV curves recorded at a slow scan rate (10 mV s À 1 ) clearly show the multiple redox peaks in both positive and negative potentials for KOH (Figure 3a). [25] This is clearly observed from the present investigations. During the negative potential, there is a single redox peak which belongs to the Mn 4 + to Mn 2 + .…”

“…The half-cell performance was studied in neutral (2 M Na 2 SO 4 ) and alkaline (6 M KOH) electrolytes. [25] It is also believed that the size of the hydrated K + and Na + may also influence the performance of the electrode materials. The MCC electrode experienced typical pseudo behaviour in both cases due to the partial Faradic reaction.…”

Ion dynamics in halogen-free phosphonium bis(salicylato)borate ionic liquid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

“…1 The conventional organic electrolytes have a number of drawbacks such as volatility, tedious purification process, higher environmental impact, flammability, and low ionic conductivity. 2 These problems are limiting their applicability in lithium-ion batteries in terms of safety and performance. For example, the most common conventional electrolyte used in the commercially available lithium-ion batteries is the LiPF 6 salt dissolved in a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC).…”

Self‐Healing Materials for Next‐Generation Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices

“…Compared with solid-state electrolytes, polyelectrolytes are more suitable for energy storage devices because of their high ionic conductivity (10 −4 to 10 −3 S cm −1 ), tunable mechanical properties, good chemical compatibility with electrode components, easy processing, good stability, and low cost. [94][95][96] So far, only a few examples of self-healing hydrogel electrolytes for flexible supercapacitors and sensors have been reported in the literature.…”