Electromagnetic wave attenuation due to the charged particles in dust&amp;sand (DUSA) storms

Dou, Xuqiang; Xie, Li

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.04.005

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For a more realistic cloud containing particles of different diameters, the attenuation coefficient can be expressed as (Dou & Xie, ; Hendrik Christoffel & van de Hulst, )

α = 4.343 \times 1 0^{3} \int_{R_{m i n}}^{R_{m a x}} C_{e x t} false(R false) N false(R false) d R .

…”

Section: Theory and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Electrostatic Charge on the Propagation of GPS (L‐band) Signals Through Volcanic Plumes

et al. 2019

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Recent field studies have shown that the presence of ash in the atmosphere can produce measurable attenuation of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals (Aranzulla et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-012-0294-4; Larson, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50556; Larson et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.04.005). The ability to detect plumes using GPS is appealing because many active volcanoes are already instrumented with high‐quality receivers. However, analyses using a Ralyeigh approximation have shown that the large attenuations cannot be explained by the scattering and absorption associated with ash or hydrometeors alone. Here, we show that the extinction of GPS signals, which fall into the L‐band of the electromagnetic spectrum, may be exacerbated significantly by excess surface charge on pyroclasts. Indeed, volcanic eruptions are often accompanied by a range of electrostatic processes, leading, in some cases, to spectacular lightning storms. We use a modified Mie scattering model to demonstrate that electrostatic effects can increase the extinction of L‐band radiation by up to an order of magnitude, producing attenuations consistent with those observed in the field. Thus, future work involving GPS as a tool to remotely probe plumes must take into account the electrification of ash in radiative transfer models. Additionally, we propose that the sensitivity of GPS to particle charging may catalyze the development of new techniques to explore electrostatic processes in plumes, especially if GPS measurements are complemented with millimeter‐wave RADAR measurements.

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“…For a more realistic cloud containing particles of different diameters, the attenuation coefficient can be expressed as (Dou & Xie, ; Hendrik Christoffel & van de Hulst, )

α = 4.343 \times 1 0^{3} \int_{R_{m i n}}^{R_{m a x}} C_{e x t} false(R false) N false(R false) d R .

…”

Section: Theory and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this framework, Kocifaj et al (2015) have hypothesized that lightning hazards could be quantified in storms by illuminating thunderclouds with EM radiation and detecting anomalous backscatter. Similarly, Dou and Xie (2017) found that charging affects the propagation of EM waves through dust and sand storms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Effect of Electrostatic Charge on the Propagation of GPS (L‐band) Signals Through Volcanic Plumes

et al. 2019

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“…Contact electrification is an important phenomenon in desert duststorms and other particle clouds (Pähtz et al., 2010), since the amount of charge (negative or positive) accommodated by particles can be significantly larger than previously thought (Baytekin et al., 2011). The particle surface charges integrated into electromagnetic scattering theories can potentially remediate shortcomings of present theories in explaining anomalous absorption observed occasionally at low frequencies (see e.g., Figure 8a in Zhou et al., 2018) and higher frequencies as well (see e.g., Figure 6 in Dou & Xie, 2017; or Figure 8 in Elabdin et al., 2009). The systematic modeling we have performed has also resulted in a hypothesis about the potential use of charged‐particle surface excitations in controlled MW attenuation in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Nature, Amplitude and Control of Microwave Attenuation in the Atmosphere

et al. 2021

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Microwave (MW) attenuation plays a critical role in constructing communication networks. It also can be a useful tool in the meteorological and optical communities for radar and microwave imaging applications. Because most atmospheric constituents (large hydrometeors being an exception) are very small compared to MW wavelengths, data analysis is typically performed using conventional Rayleigh theory; however, some anomalous observations have proven difficult to explain. We present the results of the first systematic numerical computations over a wide range of aerosol properties. We demonstrate that it is possible to perform mass computations of aerosol loading, which is an important climate parameter. We show that discrepancies found between theoretical predictions and observations can be attributed to the effect of the expected charge acquired by the dust particles through contact electrification occurring in dust storms. While frequencies below 10 GHz normally allow for long‐distance signal transmission, the charge‐induced resonances in particles can preferentially amplify the low‐frequency MW attenuation by a factor of 10 or more, depending on their surface electric potential. In addition, we find electrically charged particles dispersed in a local atmosphere as a potential tool for the controlled manipulation of MW attenuation.

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“…[2] detailed the parametric assessment of some important properties affecting wave propagation in SDS, while [6] described the principle of approach and technology adopted for the investigation and established the gap in knowledge in the field. [5] calculated the attenuation of the electromagnetic waves in SDS using Mie theory. Based on the predicting model adopted, the phase rotation component of the SDS's effect was, however, not calculated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Attenuation and Phase Rotation by Ellipsoidal Dust Particles

Musa¹,

Paul²

2018

PIER Letters

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Electromagnetic wave propagation suffers attenuation and phase rotation by suspended dust particles especially in arid and semi-arid regions where occurrence of sand and dust storms (SDS) is predominant. The SDS phenomenon has received considerable interest in recent times with emphasis on signal attenuation and phase rotation effects. To this end, mathematical models of dust induced complex scattering are developed and proposed in this paper using Rayleigh method to compute attenuation and phase rotation of electromagnetic waves by considering dust particle shapes and best fit ellipsoids. This work also presents a new expression for the relation between visibility and dust concentration. The expression was included in the proposed models whose simulated results, compared with some published results, show close agreement. Attenuation and phase rotation in dry dust are found to be significant only when visibility becomes severe or at increased microwave bands.

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Electromagnetic wave attenuation due to the charged particles in dust&sand (DUSA) storms

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of Electrostatic Charge on the Propagation of GPS (L‐band) Signals Through Volcanic Plumes

The Effect of Electrostatic Charge on the Propagation of GPS (L‐band) Signals Through Volcanic Plumes

The Nature, Amplitude and Control of Microwave Attenuation in the Atmosphere

Microwave Attenuation and Phase Rotation by Ellipsoidal Dust Particles

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