Electromechanical coupling coefficient k31eff for arbitrary aspect ratio resonators made of [001] and [011] poled (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals

Chen, Chuanwen; Zhang, Rui; Wang, Zhu; Cao, Wenwu

doi:10.1063/1.3086653

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…According to equations (35) and 37, 1 ′′ ( ) and 2 ′′ ( ) are affine functions and can be expressed using two coefficients and as depicted in Figure 5 and equation (43). Therefore, as each mode shape satisfies the boundary conditions at the clamped end, only the eigenvectors values [ 1 , 1 ] and [ 2 , 2 ] are necessary to express the modes shapes, as = ( ) and = ′ ( ).…”

Section: Mode Shapes Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strongly coupled piezoelectric cantilevers for broadband vibration energy harvesting

et al. 2020

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Vibration energy harvesters based on piezoelectric resonators are promising for powering Wireless Sensors Nodes (WSNs). Yet, any mismatch between the resonant frequency of traditional harvesters and the vibration frequency can drastically decrease the scavenged power and make them ineffective. Electrical techniques able to tune the resonant frequency of piezoelectric harvesters has been proposed as a solution and opens up new perspectives. To be fully competitive, this approach requires energy harvesters with very strong global electromechanical coupling coefficients k² (>10%), whose design remains a challenge today. This work reports on a method to design strongly coupled piezoelectric cantilevers thanks to an analytical approach based on the Rayleigh-Ritz method and a two degrees-of-freedom model, which considers the proof mass inertia effects. Through an expression of the coupling coefficient, we provide design guidelines, which are experimentally validated. We show that a long proof mass is a very effective configuration to maximize the global electromechanical coupling coefficient and consequently the frequency bandwidth of the system. Three proposed prototypes exhibit some of the strongest squared global electromechanical coupling coefficients k² of the state-of-the-art of piezoelectric harvesters (16.6% for the PMN-PT cantilever, 11.3% and 16.4% for the narrow and wide PZT-5A cantilevers respectively) and demonstrate a wide bandwidth behavior (10.1%, 7.8% and 11.3% of the central frequency respectively). Using a strongly coupled prototype based on PZT-5A leveraged by a dedicated integrated circuit, we experimentally show that it can harvest enough power (more than 100µW) to supply a WSN over a frequency bandwidth as large as 21%.

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Section: Mode Shapes Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a rectangular proof mass, the values of and are given by ( 2 + 2 )/12 and /2 respectively. From equations (43) to (45), we express and as a function of and . Normalizing the modes shapes such as = 1 and = , and are finally given in (48) and (49).…”

Section: Mode Shapes Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongly coupled piezoelectric cantilevers for broadband vibration energy harvesting

et al. 2020

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“…Besides k t and k 33 , the aspect ratio dependence of electromechanical coupling coefficient k 31 of lateral-excitation piezoelectric vibrators was also analyzed using the theory of coupled-mode vibrations [304,305]. Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Full Matrix Materials Constantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals: Growth, domain engineering, characterization and applications

Sun

Cao

2014

Progress in Materials Science

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540

264

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In the past decade, domain engineered relaxor-PT ferroelectric single crystals, including (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT), (1-x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-PT) and (1-x-y)Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-yPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT), with compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) have triggered a revolution in electromechanical devices owing to their giant piezoelectric properties and ultra-high electromechanical coupling factors. Compared to traditional PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT) ceramics, the piezoelectric coefficient d33 is increased by a factor of 5 and the electromechanical coupling factor k33 is increased from < 70% to > 90%. Many emerging rich physical phenomena, such as charged domain walls, multi-phase coexistence, domain pattern symmetries, etc., have posed challenging fundamental questions for scientists. The superior electromechanical properties of these domain engineered single crystals have prompted the design of a new generation electromechanical devices, including sensors, transducers, actuators and other electromechanical devices, with greatly improved performance. It took less than 7 years from the discovery of larger size PMN-PT single crystals to the commercial production of the high-end ultrasonic imaging probe “PureWave”. The speed of development is unprecedented, and the research collaboration between academia and industrial engineers on this topic is truly intriguing. It is also exciting to see that these relaxor-PT single crystals are being used to replace traditional PZT piezoceramics in many new fields outside of medical imaging. The new ternary PIN-PMN-PT single crystals, particularly the ones with Mn-doping, have laid a solid foundation for innovations in high power acoustic projectors and ultrasonic motors, hinting another revolution in underwater SONARs and miniature actuation devices. This article intends to provide a comprehensive review on the development of relaxor-PT single crystals, spanning material discovery, crystal growth techniques, domain engineering concept, and full-matrix property characterization all the way to device innovations. It outlines a truly encouraging story in materials science in the modern era. All key references are provided and 30 complete sets of material parameters for different types of relaxor-PT single crystals are listed in the Appendix. It is the intension of this review article to serve as a resource for those who are interested in basic research and practical applications of these relaxor-PT single crystals. In addition, possible mechanisms of giant piezoelectric properties in these domain-engineered relaxor-PT systems will be discussed based on contributions from polarization rotation and charged domain walls.

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“…Piezo-polymer composites are also promising because of their excellent tailored properties [3,30]. These materials have many advantages including high electromechanical coupling factors [43][44][45][46][47], low acoustic impedance [23,[48][49][50], mechanical flexibility [51][52][53][54], broad bandwidth [55][56][57][58][59], and low mechanical quality factors [29,31,60,61]. The mechanical, electrical and acoustic properties of these materials can also be tailored according to the nature of application of the composite material [38,[62][63][64].…”

Section: Piezoelectric Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Parameters and Scaling Matter—How Processing Environment and Shape Factor Influence Electroactive Nanocomposite Characteristics

Banerjee

Cook-Chennault

2020

J. Compos. Sci.

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Polymeric-ceramic smart nanocomposite piezoelectric and dielectric materials are of interest due to their superior mechanical flexibility and ability to leverage characteristics of constituent materials. A great deal of work has centered on development of processes for manufacturing 0–3 continuity composite piezoelectric materials that vary in scale ranging from bulk, thick and thin film to nanostructured films. Less is known about how material scaling effects the effectiveness of polarization and electromechanical properties. This study elucidates how polarization parameters: contact versus corona, temperature and electrical voltage field influence the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of samples as a function of their shape factor, i.e., bulk versus thick film. Bulk and thick film samples were prepared via sol gel/cast-mold and sol gel/spin coat deposition, for fabrication of bulk and thick films, respectively. It was found that corona polarization was more effective for both bulk and thick film processes and that polarization temperature produced higher normalized changes in samples. Although higher electric field voltages could be achieved with thicker samples, film samples responded the most to coupled increases in temperature and electrical voltage than bulk samples.

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Electromechanical coupling coefficient k31eff for arbitrary aspect ratio resonators made of [001] and [011] poled (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Strongly coupled piezoelectric cantilevers for broadband vibration energy harvesting

Strongly coupled piezoelectric cantilevers for broadband vibration energy harvesting

Relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals: Growth, domain engineering, characterization and applications

Polarization Parameters and Scaling Matter—How Processing Environment and Shape Factor Influence Electroactive Nanocomposite Characteristics

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