1999
DOI: 10.1063/1.125308
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Electromechanical response of cellular electret films

Abstract: Charged polypropylene films with a cellular structure show pseudopiezoelectric properties. Measurements of the direct and inverse electromechanical transducer constants of such films, relating to the operation as sensors and as actuators, respectively, yield values of ≈200 pC/N. These values can be explained with a theoretical model by assuming reasonable charge distributions and charge densities. The experimental and the theoretical results show the reciprocity of the transducer constants.

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Cited by 301 publications
(189 citation statements)
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“…It indicates that the 1 st layer (top layer), deforms more than the 2 nd layer (middle layer), and the 2 nd layer deforms more than the 3 rd layer (bottom layer). As the output voltage is directly proportional to deformation [6,45], which is the change of thickness in this case, this simulation implies that the 1 st layer produces higher voltage than the 2 nd layer, and the 2 nd layer produces higher voltage than the 3 rd layer. To support this simulation, a three-layer PP sample is fabricated by stacking the layers with all edges sealed.…”
Section: Synchronization Of Multilayer Outputmentioning
confidence: 78%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It indicates that the 1 st layer (top layer), deforms more than the 2 nd layer (middle layer), and the 2 nd layer deforms more than the 3 rd layer (bottom layer). As the output voltage is directly proportional to deformation [6,45], which is the change of thickness in this case, this simulation implies that the 1 st layer produces higher voltage than the 2 nd layer, and the 2 nd layer produces higher voltage than the 3 rd layer. To support this simulation, a three-layer PP sample is fabricated by stacking the layers with all edges sealed.…”
Section: Synchronization Of Multilayer Outputmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…Thus the force F is directly proportional to ∆v, and the impulse with higher momentum has higher value of ∆v. As the peak voltage V of an output pulse is directly proportional to the applied force in a simplified mathematical model [6,15,45], the output voltage in a mode with high momentum is higher than those one with low momentum. This explains the difference in the positive output pulses in different walking modes.…”
Section: Energy Output Of Single-layermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, the internal polarization (σ) of the material can be estimated by means of Sessler equation [9].…”
Section: Piezoelectric D 33 Constant Measurements Results and Corona mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 In 1996, space charged low density polypropylene (LDPP) electrets were developed that exhibited large piezoelectric coefficient (>150 pC/N) equaling those in crystalline and ceramic materials. 7 The mechanical properties and polarization of LDPP electrets have been extensively studied for applications in flexible field effect transistors and ferroelectret accelerometers. 8 Because fabrication of piezoelectric LDPP is relatively simple, it was once thought that this material could replace the crystal and ceramic materials used in microphones; 7 however, the depolarization temperature (60 C) of this material turned out to be even lower than that of PVDF and therefore could only be used under limited environmental conditions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%