Electron Beam-Based Rapid Prototyping - State of the Art

Węglowski, M. S.

doi:10.17729/ebis.2018.1/3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Shielding for the LBAM process to prevent oxidation is accomplished with inert gases, either in chamber or from special nozzles over the vicinity of the weld pool, although the process could also be performed in vacuum. Shielding for the electron beam process [6] is provided by the vacuum required to allow the beam of electrons to flow to workpiece unimpeded by collisions with molecules in air or another gaseous atmosphere. Thus, the EBAM is preferable technology to fabricate the components from reactive material, such as titanium alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron and Laser Beam Additive Manufacturing with Wire - Comparison of Processes

Węglowski

Błacha

Jachym

et al. 2019

KEM

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Electron beam (EBAM) and laser beam (LBAM) additive manufacturing processes with a deposited material in the form of a wire are an efficient methods enabling the making of component parts. The scope of the presented work was to investigate the influence of technological process on microstructure and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, microhardness and elongation of the fabricated components. The achieved results and gained knowledge will enable the production of a whole structure from stainless steel in the future. The metallographic examination revealed that the microstructure is not fully homogenies, the cell-dendritic areas occurred. Moreover, the microhardness profiles indicated that some fluctuation in the microstructure as well as mechanical properties can be observed on the cross section of deposited components. However, the mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength as well as elongation fulfil the requirement of producer of deposited wire.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron and Laser Beam Additive Manufacturing with Wire - Comparison of Processes

Węglowski

Błacha

Jachym

et al. 2019

KEM

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A Coaxial Wire-Feed Additive Manufacturing of Metal Components Using a Profile Electron Beam in Space Application

Kovalchuk¹,

Melnyk²,

Melnyk³

2022

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Despite the variety of different methods of metal 3D printing on Earth, only a few of them can be realized in space. Processes that employ electron beam as a heat source and wire as a consumable material is among the most promising methods for these applications. But to date, such processes still have not been implemented in actual space operation, mainly due to the low accuracy and resolution of these 3D printed products that require significant post-processing for their intended use. Large and heavy hardware employed in these processes is another significant problem. xBeam 3D Metal Printing is the electron beam DED-wire additive manufacturing technology that has already demonstrated the capability to produce high-quality parts with high productivity on terrestrial relatively lightweight and compact hardware. xBeam process employs a profile electron beam generated by low-voltage gas-discharge electron beam guns combined with the coaxial wire feed to provide excellent control of metallurgy processes in the melt pool and around it during deposition. Realized metallurgy conditions are the crucial factor in providing the combination of high accuracy and resolution with good metal structure and properties. Moreover, maintaining such metallurgy conditions does not require gravity—only cohesion/adhesion forces and surface tension forces are involved. This fact suggests good prospects for using the xBeam 3D Metal Printing in space applications. In addition, the method opens several unique technological opportunities that are important in space exploration, including the nonstick deposition technique allowing the production of "ready-to-use" parts, surface glazing able to substitute machining, recycling of the metal waste directly into wire for 3D printing, and others. The article presents technical solutions for implementing 3D printing and related processes in space conditions and analyzes the metallurgical aspects of the technology using titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V as an example.

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Electron Beam-Based Rapid Prototyping - State of the Art

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Electron and Laser Beam Additive Manufacturing with Wire - Comparison of Processes

Electron and Laser Beam Additive Manufacturing with Wire - Comparison of Processes

A Coaxial Wire-Feed Additive Manufacturing of Metal Components Using a Profile Electron Beam in Space Application

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