Electron cascades and secondary electron emission in graphene under energetic ion irradiation

Vázquez, Henrique; Kononov, Alina; Kyritsakis, Andreas; Medvedev, Nikita; Schleife, André; Djurabekova, Flyura

doi:10.1103/physrevb.103.224306

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Presented results show that the significant fraction of energy deposited into thin target by the impact of the energetic ion can be carried away by the emitted electrons. This is critically important in materials modification of the 2D materials such as graphene [ 21 ], but it can also have significant influence on energy deposition on surfaces [ 12 ] and within thin targets [ 18 ]. Actually, this feature can affect radiation hardness of not only thin targets, but also other nanomaterials such as nanoparticles and nanowires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thinnest target examined in this work, having thickness of only 1 nm (corresponding to a three-layer graphene), has lowest energy retention of only 62% for 10 MeV/n carbon. We expect this value of energy retention to be even lower for a single-layer graphene, but more detailed atomistic simulations should be done to evaluate it precisely [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Material removal from later stages of the ion track formation in thin targets can lead to diverse ion track morphologies [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. However, even more importantly, escape of the deposited energy into the vacuum via electron emission should substantially affect ion track formation in thin targets and 2D materials [ 18 , 21 ]. For example, in the case of 1 MeV/n silicon and xenon ions, graphene should retain only 50% and 60% of deposited energy, respectively [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the Geant4 code, we have explored a wide range of ion types (from carbon up to xenon) and ion energies (0.1–10 MeV/n) interacting with graphite targets of different thicknesses (1–100 nm). More accurate results could be obtained with custom made [ 18 ] and much more computationally intensive codes [ 21 ]. In the case of graphene targets, one should also consider the atomic position where the ion impact occurs [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More accurate results could be obtained with custom made [ 18 ] and much more computationally intensive codes [ 21 ]. In the case of graphene targets, one should also consider the atomic position where the ion impact occurs [ 21 ]. Results presented here offer broader view on this problem at the expense of avoiding extreme cases such as interactions of energetic ions with monolayer graphene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Energy Retention in Thin Graphite Targets after Energetic Ion Impact

2021

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High energy ion irradiation is an important tool for nanoscale modification of materials. In the case of thin targets and 2D materials, which these energetic ions can pierce through, nanoscale modifications such as production of nanopores can open up pathways for new applications. However, materials modifications can be hindered because of subsequent energy release via electron emission. In this work, we follow energy dissipation after the impact of an energetic ion in thin graphite target using Geant4 code. Presented results show that significant amount of energy can be released from the target. Especially for thin targets and highest ion energies, almost 40% of deposited energy has been released. Therefore, retention of deposited energy can be significantly altered and this can profoundly affect ion track formation in thin targets. This finding could also have broader implications for radiation hardness of other nanomaterials such as nanowires and nanoparticles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Retention in Thin Graphite Targets after Energetic Ion Impact

2021

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Current Transients in Graphene Electronics under Single‐Particle Irradiation

Zhai

Yam³

et al. 2023

Small Science

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Low‐dimensional materials hold great promise in next‐generation electronics. However, the performance of such devices is susceptible to external perturbations such as irradiation due to the high exposure of constituent atoms to the environment. Herein, real‐time time‐dependent density‐functional theory at the tight‐binding level extended to open systems for electrons and Ehrenfest dynamics for ions is developed and used to explore the effects of single‐H irradiation on graphene electronics. The results show that the peak current displays distinct energy and site dependences, which are largely different from the dependences of the stopping powers. Charge‐density analysis shows that the current transients are driven by delocalized plasmonic excitation, in contrast to localized electronic excitation, which plays a crucial role in the stopping power. The site dependence of the transient current is determined by the electron density at the irradiation site and the ionic charges. These findings highlight the roles of lattice discreteness and electronic structures of materials, which have been overlooked in previous studies based on theoretical formulations and semiempirical models. Using the insights gained from the calculations and the dataset constructed under typical space‐irradiation conditions, the device responses of graphene nanoelectronics are modeled, laying the ground for device design in the space environment.

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