Electron-only diodes of poly(dialkoxy-p-phenylene vinylene) using hole-blocking bottom electrodes

Electron transport in polyfluorene-based sandwich-type devices: Quantitative analysis of the effects of disorder and electron traps

“…[12][13][14] Conventionally, the mobility of these electrons is assumed either to be constant or to be field dependent as described by a PooleFrenkel factor. 8,9,15 Recently, Mandoc et al investigated the effect of the detailed shape of the density of transport states on the temperature dependence of electron transport in devices based on PPV-derivatives and showed that a more proper description of the experimental data is obtained when assuming an exponential density of trap states and a Gaussian density of transport states. 16 However, the authors did not use the EGDM.…”

“…This is evident from the experimental observation that for commonly used undoped conjugated polymers, the electron current density ͑J͒ is at low voltages ͑V͒ often much lower than the hole current density and that it increases more steeply with voltage. 8,9 As an example, Fig. 1 shows measured J͑V͒ curves for a polyfluorene ͑PF͒-based copolymer.…”

Effect of traps on the performance of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

“…A major problem to use conjugated polymers of PPV as acceptors in BHJ solar cells is that their electron transport is often trap-limited. 8 Also for cyano-PPV derivatives that are used as acceptors in all-polymer solar cells, the electron transport is trap limited, also in the blend. 9 It is not clear yet what the nature of these traps is and what would be the way of producing electron trap-free PPV derivatives.…”

Effects of energetic disorder on the low-frequency differential capacitance of organic light emitting diodes

“…23 Furthermore, also the role of electron trap states, at which hole capture followed by recombination can take place, should be taken into account. 35,37,38 Giving such an analysis, and an analysis of the positive relaxation contribution at high voltages which is revealed by the experimental double-carrier C(V) curves given in Fig. 5, would be beyond the scope of this paper.…”