Electron Work Functions of (H K L)-Surfaces of W, Re, and Cu Crystals

Abstract

Work function (WF) and some physicochemical data for several most prominent crystal planes of three metals of typical structures are calculated within the linear approximation employing the surface dipole and 2D gas models. "Composite" crystal of a homogeneous bulk phase and a thick surface composed of eight (h k l)-oriented facets with different unsaturated bonds is treated as a nine-phase nine-component system with two degrees of freedom. It contains the two-dimensional metal-lattice plasma of free electrons and the immobile atom-core network. For twenty four (h k l) surfaces, the WF and dipole barrier term, chemical and electrostatic potential levels, electron charge densities, surface dipole fields, and other parameters are calculated and tabularized. WF values obtained from the thermodynamics based formula are compared to the ones obtained from the quantum mechanics based formula, which shows good agreement with experiment and also reveals a specific deviation in the case of field emission method for the most packed plane. A set of accurate face dependent data can be of interest to electronics and materials science workers.

Effect of alloyed Cr on corrosion behavior of low‐alloy steel in wet atmosphere

“…The EWF is defined as the minimum thermodynamic work needed to remove an electron from a solid surface to a point in the vacuum outside the solid surface, and the lower the EWF, the higher the electronic activity. [ 30–33 ]…”

“…The EWF is defined as the minimum thermodynamic work needed to remove an electron from a solid surface to a point in the vacuum outside the solid surface, and the lower the EWF, the higher the electronic activity. [30][31][32][33] The reference and the sample surface can be imagined as a capacitor, resulting in a contact potential difference (Ψ) equal to the EWF difference of the reference, and the sample surface is divided by the electron charge as the following equation [34] :…”

Effect of surface Volta potential of Cr‐containing steel on uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion

“…The EWF is depending on the electronic structure and crystallinity within two to three atomic layers of the surface, and the lower the EWF, the higher the electronic activity. [26][27][28][29] The reference and the sample surface can be imagined as a capacitor resulting in a contact potential difference (Ψ), equal to the EWF difference of the reference and the sample surface divided by the electron charge, just like the following equation [30] :…”