“…5-8 for xZnO10Bi 2 O 3 -(90 À x)B 2 O 3 glasses, therefore, indicate that all binding energies corresponding to the B1s, Zn2p 3/2 , Bi4f, and O1s core level tend to decrease with increasing ZnO or the substitution of ZnO for B 2 O 3 . Dimitrov and Komatsu [29] suggested that outermost corelevel binding energy in simple oxides can be used for relative measuring the cation polarizability. That is, in general, cation polarizability increases with decreasing metal (nonmetal) binding energy.…”