Transport properties of the good thermoelectric misfit oxide Ca3Co4O9 are examined. In-plane resistivity and Hall resistance measurements were made on epitaxial thin films which were grown on c-cut sapphire substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique. Interpretation of the in-plane transport experiments relates the substrate-induced strain in the resulting film to single crystals under very high pressure (∼ 5.5 GPa) consistent with a key role of strong electronic correlation. They are confirmed by the measured high temperature maxima in both resistivity and Hall resistance. While hole-like charge carriers are inferred from the Hall effect measurements over the whole investigated temperature range, the Hall resistance reveals a non monotonic behavior at low temperatures that could be interpreted with an anomalous contribution. The resulting unconventional temperature dependence of the Hall resistance seems thus to combine high temperature strongly correlated features above 340 K and anomalous Hall effect at low temperature, below 100 K. Good thermoelectric materials, 1,2 which convert heat into electricity and vice versa, should have high figures of merit (ZT) where ZT= S 2 T/ρκ, so S (the thermoelec-tric power or Seebeck coefficient) should be large while ρ (resistivity) and κ (thermal conductivity) should be small at a temperature T. In addition to these properties , these materials should be physically and chemically robust for high temperature processes such as the generation of energy from waste heat, and therefore, oxides such as Na x CoO 2 and Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 have been received a considerable attention recently. 3,4 Among the oxides Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 is very promising because of its high room temperature (RT) thermopower (125 µV/K), low resistivity (12 mΩ cm), low thermal conductivity (30 mW (cm K) −1), and resistance to humidity. 4,5 Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 is a misfit oxide and can be denoted as [Ca 2 CoO 3 ] RS [CoO 2 ] 1.62 to recognize the incommensu-rate nature of the structure. The structure is composed of alternating layers of a distorted Ca 2 CoO 3 rock salt-like layer (RS) and a CoO 2 cadmium iodide-like layer which are stacked in the c-axis direction. Crystallographically , these two layers have similar a, c, and β lattice parameters but different b lattice parameters. The ratio of the b parameters for the Ca 2 CoO 3 layer to CoO 2 layer is 1.62. The material's anisotropic behavior is easily seen through the comparison of the in-plane and out-of-plane resistivity behavior (metallic versus semiconduct-ing, respectively). 4 Thus, to attain the highest properties in a thermoelectric device, growth along the c-axis would be best to insure uniform properties. The bulk can be magnetically aligned along the c-axis at high temperature, 6,7 but the thin films form provides a more convenient method for manufacturing useful thermoelec-tric devices. For this reason, we have undertaken the synthesis of Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 films on Al 2 O 3 (c-cut sapphire) substrates. 8 The resulting epitaxial film has thermoelec-tric ...