Electrophysical properties of the multicomponent PBZT-type ceramics doped by Sn4+

Abstract

In the work, the multicomponent Pb 0.75 Ba 0.25 (Zr 0.65 Ti 0.35 ) 1-a Sn a O 3 (PBZT/Sn) ceramics were obtained with various tin amounts (a from the range of 0.0 to 0.1). The densification of the PBZT/Sn ceramic samples was performed using pressureless sintering method. The effect of SnO 2 content on the crystal structure of PBZT/Sn ceramics, microstructure, DC electrical conductivity and electrophysical properties (including dielectric and ferroelectric testes), were investigated. The PBZT/Sn ceramic samples exhibit high values of dielectric permittivity at the temperature of ferro-paraelectric phase transition and show the relaxor character of phase transition. Excessive SnO 2 contents doping of the PBZT/Sn materials (already for a = 0.1) might lead to lattice stress and structure defects, which successively leads to the deterioration of ferroelectric and dielectric properties of the ceramic samples. The presented research shows that the addition of SnO 2 to the base PBZT compound (in the proper proportion) gives an additional possibility of influencing the parameters essential for practical applications, from the areas of micromechatronics and microelectronics.

Pyroelectric Nanogenerator Based on an SbSI–TiO2 Nanocomposite

“…It is a typical behavior for a semiconducting material. Moreover, when the temperature increases, the reduction in the grain boundary resistance can result in the reduction in the barrier for the mobility of charge carriers participating in grain boundary conduction [ 56 ]. Taking into account the geometrical dimensions of the investigated sample, the electric conductance of the SbSI–TiO 2 nanocomposite was calculated ( Figure 4 b).…”

“…Taking into account the geometrical dimensions of the investigated sample, the electric conductance of the SbSI–TiO 2 nanocomposite was calculated ( Figure 4 b). It is well known that in the case of ferroelectric material, the Arrhenius plot of an electric conductance consists of two linear curves with different slopes corresponding to the paraelectric and ferroelectric phases [ 56 , 57 ]. Thus, a change in activation energy is observed near Curie temperature ( T C ) [ 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”

“…This effect was also documented in the literature for thin films of SbSI [ 35 , 61 ]. Two different theoretical curves were least squares fitted to the experimental results, shown in Figure 4 b, using a well-known relation [ 56 , 57 ]: where σ 0 is the pre-exponential coefficient, E A means an activation energy, and k B denotes the Boltzmann constant. The values of activation energies of E A = 0.537(1) eV and E A = 0.271(2) eV were determined for the paraelectric and ferroelectric phases, respectively.…”

Comparison of Electrophysical Properties of PZT-Type Ceramics Obtained by Conventional and Mechanochemical Methods

“…In the entire measurement range, the lowest electrical conductivity was found in the M50B sample, whereas the M25B sample showed the highest electrical conductivity. Based on Arrhenius’ law [31] and the slope of the linear portion of ln σ (1000/ T ) dependence, the activation energy in two selected areas (below and above phase transition) was calculated. The calculated values of the activation energy are listed in Table 1.…”

Ferroelectromagnetic Properties of PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (PFN) Material Synthesized by Chemical-Wet Technology

“…Like most materials with perovskite structure, in the PFN ceramics at lower temperatures (I area—below T m ) the values of activation energy are lower than above the phase transition temperature (III area) (Table 2) [47].…”