Electrophysiological investigations on Renshaw cells

Eccles, John C.; Eccles, Rosamond M.; Iggo, A.; Lundberg, A.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006821

Cited by 132 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This argument is supported by results of Eccles et al (1961) who in passing recorded intracellularly from a Renshaw cell and found the second of a pair of EPSPs (elicited by ventral root stimulation) suppressed for more than 150 ms. We could fit their data points (their Fig. 6J) with two exponentials (with time constants of the order of 30 and 100 ms), although not well so because of the scatter of their data.…”

Section: Possible Causes Of Conditioning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This might then also apply to the longer time constants (Oe). Whilst this reasoning might make a presynaptic mechanism for the short time constant plausible, it does not exclude other mechanisms, since a second source of early facilitation may be the temporal summation of EPSPs, which in Renshaw cells appear to be of long duration (lasting up to 60 ms or so; see Eccles et al 1961;Walmsley and Tracey 1981). This summation might also give rise to a facilitation with time constants of the order of 15 ms.…”

Section: Possible Causes Of Conditioning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time constants of facilitation and depression in Renshaw cell responses to random stimulation of motor axons

et al. 1988

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Summary. In 9 adult anaesthetized cats, 22 lumbosacral Renshaw cells recorded with NaCl-filled micropipettes were activated by random stimulation of ventral roots or peripheral nerves. The stimulus patterns had mean rates of 9.5-13 or 20-23 or 45 pulses per second and were pseudo-Poisson; short intervals below ca. 5 ms (except in two cases) were excluded. The Renshaw cell responses were evaluated by two kinds of peristimulus-time histograms (PSTHs). "Conventional" PSTHs were calculated by averaging the Renshaw cell discharge with respect to all the stimuli in a train. These PSTHs showed an early excitatory response which was often followed by a longer-lasting slight reduction of the discharge probability. These two response components were positively correlated. "Conditional" PSTHs were determined by averaging the Renshaw cell discharge with respect to the second ("test") stimulus in pairs of stimuli which were separated by varied intervals, 6. The direct effect of the first "conditional" response was subtracted from the excitation following the second ("test") stimulus so as to isolate the effect caused by the second stimulus per se. After such a correction, the effect of the first "conditioning" stimulus showed pure depression, pure facilitation or mixed facilitation/depression. Analysis of such conditioning curves yielded two time constants of facilitation (ranges: ca. 435 ms and 93-102 ms) and two of depression (ranges: ca. 7-25 ms and 50-161 ms). It is concluded that these time constants are compatible with processes of short-term synaptic plasticity known from other synapses. Other processes such as afterhyperpolarization and mutual inhibition probably are of less importance.

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Section: Possible Causes Of Conditioning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Possible Causes Of Conditioning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time constants of facilitation and depression in Renshaw cell responses to random stimulation of motor axons

et al. 1988

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“…RCs in neonatal rats or mice do not show the high-frequency discharge that is so striking in the records from adult cats (Renshaw, 1946;Eccles et al, 1954Eccles et al, , 1961). An explanation for this difference may be provided by the report that, in mice, both calbindin and the K ϩ channel subunit Kv1.3b are only expressed strongly after P10 (Song et al, 2006).…”

Section: Simultaneous Release Of Ach and Glutamatementioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, Eccles and Jaeger (1958) soon showed that even in the absence of ACh hydrolysis, diffusion of ACh out of the synaptic cleft would be faster than the decay of the discharge. Eccles et al (1961) then considered some ACh spillover to extrasynaptic receptors. This new hypothesis implied that extrasynaptic receptors are activated by a low concentration of ACh, which was difficult to reconcile with the low affinity of the known nAChRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Excitatory Postsynaptic Ionotropic Receptors Coactivated at the Motoneuron–Renshaw Cell Synapse

d’Incamps

Ascher²

2008

J. Neurosci.

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Renshaw cells (RCs) are spinal interneurons excited by collaterals of the axons of motoneurons (MNs). They respond to a single motoneuronal volley by a surprisingly long (tens of milliseconds) train of action potentials. We have analyzed this synaptic response in spinal cord slices of neonatal mice in light of recent observations suggesting that the MN axons release both acetylcholine and glutamate. We found that the RC synaptic current involves four components of similar amplitudes mediated by two nicotinic receptors (nAChRs, tentatively identified as ␣ 7 homomers and ␣ 4 ␤ 2 heteromers) and two glutamate receptors (AMPARs and NMDARs). The decay time constants of the four components cover a wide range: from 3.6 Ϯ 2.2 ms (␣ 7 nAChRs) to 54.6 Ϯ 19.5 ms (NMDARs, at Ϫ45 mV). The RC discharge can be separated into an initial doublet of high-frequency action potentials followed by later spikes with a variable latency and longer interspike intervals. The initial doublet involves the four ionotropic receptors as well as endogenous voltage-dependent conductances. The late discharge depends on NMDARs, but these receptors must be primed by the initial depolarization. The activation of the NMDARs is prolonged by the fact that their slow deactivation is further slowed by depolarization. The formation of the initial doublet is favored by hyperpolarization, whereas the late discharge is favored by depolarization. This suggests that in physiological conditions the pattern of discharge of the RC in response to a MN input may alternate between a phasic and a tonic response.

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“…In this study we defined the cells without recurrent inhibition as group I interneurons. Renshaw cells were identified by the presence of monosynaptic activation from ventral roots and by their specific, high frequency (>1000 Hz) firing pattern (Eccles et al, 1961, Renshaw, 1946. Cells which were not activated by group I afferents, but were affected by only FRA volleys, excluding Renshaw cells, were defined as FRA interneurons.…”

Section: Identification Of Interneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medullary reticulospinal tract mediating a generalized motor inhibition in cats: iii. functional organization of spinal interneurons in the lower lumbar segments

2003

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Electrophysiological investigations on Renshaw cells

Cited by 132 publications

References 24 publications

Time constants of facilitation and depression in Renshaw cell responses to random stimulation of motor axons

Time constants of facilitation and depression in Renshaw cell responses to random stimulation of motor axons

Four Excitatory Postsynaptic Ionotropic Receptors Coactivated at the Motoneuron–Renshaw Cell Synapse

Medullary reticulospinal tract mediating a generalized motor inhibition in cats: iii. functional organization of spinal interneurons in the lower lumbar segments

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