Electrophysiological studies of the projections from the parietal association area to the cerebellar cortex

Sasaki, Kenji; Oka, Hiroshi; Matsuda, Yoshihisa; Shimono, T.; Mizuno, Noboru

doi:10.1007/bf00238732

Cited by 103 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Thus, degree of complex spike synchrony itself may also be modulated by sensory stimulus during the awake state. Extensive projections are known to exist from motor and association areas of the cerebral cortex to the lateral cerebellum (Sasaki et al, 1975), the region we examined in the present study. It is therefore possible that electrotonic coupling between neuronal ensembles in the inferior olive are modulated by inputs from the cerebral cortex depending on vigilance or behavioral state of the animal.…”

Section: Microzones Can Be Reorganized and Coordinated During Awake Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–Function Relationships between Aldolase C/Zebrin II Expression and Complex Spike Synchrony in the Cerebellum

et al. 2015

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Simple and regular anatomical structure is a hallmark of the cerebellar cortex. Parasagittally arrayed alternate expression of aldolase C/zebrin II in Purkinje cells (PCs) has been extensively studied, but surprisingly little is known about its functional significance. Here we found a precise structure-function relationship between aldolase C expression and synchrony of PC complex spike activities that reflect climbing fiber inputs to PCs. We performed two-photon calcium imaging in transgenic mice in which aldolase C compartments can be visualized in vivo, and identified highly synchronous complex spike activities among aldolase C-positive or aldolase C-negative PCs, but not across these populations. The boundary of aldolase C compartments corresponded to that of complex spike synchrony at single-cell resolution. Sensory stimulation evoked aldolase C compartment-specific complex spike responses and synchrony. This result further revealed the structure-function segregation. In awake animals, complex spike synchrony both within and between PC populations across the aldolase C boundary were enhanced in response to sensory stimuli, in a way that two functionally distinct PC ensembles are coactivated. These results suggest that PC populations characterized by aldolase C expression precisely represent distinct functional units of the cerebellar cortex, and these functional units can cooperate to process sensory information in awake animals.

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Section: Microzones Can Be Reorganized and Coordinated During Awake Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–Function Relationships between Aldolase C/Zebrin II Expression and Complex Spike Synchrony in the Cerebellum

et al. 2015

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“…Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that excitatory responses of the olivocerebellar system can be evoked from areas throughout the neuraxis (Provini et al, 1968;Allen et al, 1974;Oscarsson and Sjölund, 1974;Sasaki et al, 1975Sasaki et al, , 1977Jeneskog, 1981aJeneskog, ,b, 1987. Immunohistochemical studies have provided evidence of glutamate receptor subunits throughout the IO (Petralia and Wenthold, 1992;Ambalavanar et al, 1998;Paarmann et al, 2000), suggesting that these excitatory responses could be mediated by glutamate.…”

Section: Glutamate Receptors Mediate Excitatory Drive To the Inferiormentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of Olivocerebellar Activity in the Absence of Excitatory Glutamatergic Input

Lang

2001

J. Neurosci.

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The olivocerebellar system has been proposed to function as a timing device for motor coordination in which inferior olivary neurons act as coupled oscillators that spontaneously generate rhythmic and synchronous activity. However, the inferior olive receives excitatory afferents, which can also drive the activity of these neurons. The extent to which the olivocerebellar system can intrinsically generate synchronous activity and olivary neurons act as neuronal oscillators has not been determined. To investigate this issue, multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity were obtained from 236 crus 2a Purkinje cells in anesthetized rats. Intraolivary injections of the glutamate antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium were made, and the resulting changes in CS activity were determined. Loss of evoked CS responses to motor cortex stimulation or perioral tactile stimulation was used to measure the efficacy of the block. Block of glutamatergic input decreased the average CS firing rate by ϳ50% but did not abolish spontaneous CS activity. The remaining CS activity was significantly more rhythmic than that in control. The patterns of synchrony were similar to those found in control conditions (i.e., synchronous CSs primarily occurred among Purkinje cells located within the same ϳ250-m-wide rostrocaudally oriented cortical strip); however, this normal banding pattern was enhanced. These changes in CS activity were not observed with vehicle injections. The results suggest that excitatory afferent activity disrupts olivary oscillations and support the hypotheses that olivary neurons are capable of acting as neuronal oscillators and that synchronous CS activity results from electrotonic coupling of olivary neurons.

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“…The latencies of the CF responses evoked by stimulation of the frontal cortex, parietal cortex and AESv were 12-16, 17-19 and 14-17 ms, respectively (Sasaki et al 1975;Oka et al 1979). The CF responses to AESv stimulation were as stable from trial to trial as those evoked by stimulation of the frontal cortex.…”

Section: Indirect Cerebro-olivary Projectionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Sasaki and his colleagues showed that there is a reciprocal connection between the parietal cortex and the lateral part of the cerebellum. Specifically, they found that the cerebellar lateral nucleus projects to the parietal cortex (Sasaki et al 1972) and that the parietal cortex projects to the lateral part of the cerebellar cortex (Sasaki et al 1975). These reciprocal connections are considered to be indispensable for performing skilful and co-ordinated movements (Sasaki, 1979).…”

Section: Functional Significance Of the Projectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The posterior vermis projects to the caudal part of the fastigial nucleus (Courville & Diakiw, 1976), which in turn projects to the AESv (Noda & Oka, 1985;Kyuhou & Kawaguchi, 1987). Because reciprocal connections exist between some parts of the cerebrum and cerebellum (Sasaki, Matsuda, Kawaguchi & Mizuno, 1972; Sasaki, Oka, Matsuda, Shimono & Mizuno, 1975;Kawaguchi, Miyata & Kato, 1983; Kato, Kawaguchi & Miyata, 1987, the existence may be predicted of pathways from the AESv to the posterior vermis. The present study sought to test this prediction and to locate the anatomical connections underlying the predicted pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebro‐cerebellar projections from the ventral bank of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus in the cat.

Kyuhou

1992

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Stimulation of the ventral bank of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AESv) induced marked mossy fibre (MF) and climbing fibre (CF) responses in the cerebellar posterior vermis (lobules VI-VII) and moderate sized ones in the paraflocculus, paramedian lobules and crus I and II of the cat. The relay stations for these responses to the posterior vermis were investigated morphologically and electrophysiologically.2. It can be considered that the MF responses were relayed at least in part via the dorsolateral, peduncular and paramedian pontine nuclei, since in these nuclei there were units orthodromically responsive to AESv stimulation and antidromically responsive to stimulation of the posterior vermis. The MF responses are thought to be relayed monosynaptically, since the distribution of axon terminals labelled after injection of wheatgerm agglutinin-conjugated peroxidase (WGA-HRP) into the AESv overlapped in these pontine nuclei with that of neurons labelled after injection of WGA-HRP into the posterior vermis.3. It is thought that the CF responses are relayed in the caudomedial part of the medial accessory olive (MAOcm), because neurons in the MAOcm were orthodromically responsive to AESv stimulation and antidromically responsive to stimulation of the posterior vermis.4. It is suggested that the cerebro-olivary projection which transmits the orthodromic responses in the MAOcm is indirect, via the superior colliculus (SC), because injection of WGA-HRP into the AESv labelled axon terminals not in the MAOcm but in the SC, and injection of WGA-HRP into the MAOcm gave rise to retrograde labelling of cells in the SC. Synaptic connections between the axon terminals of the cerebrotectal projection and the tecto-olivary neurons were demonstrated by extracellular unit studies in the SC.5. The hypothesis that the CF responses were transmitted via the SC was supported by the finding that the CF responses disappeared transiently after muscimol or lidocaine was injected into the SC.6. These findings provide evidence that the MF responses are transmitted at least in part via the cerebro-ponto-cerebellar projection, while the CF responses are relayed via the cerebro-tecto-olivo-cerebellar projection. These cerebro-cerebellar pathways from the AESv are suggested to participate in conducting visual information to the posterior vermis.MS 9341 674 S.-I. KYUHOU

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Electrophysiological studies of the projections from the parietal association area to the cerebellar cortex

Cited by 103 publications

References 21 publications

Structure–Function Relationships between Aldolase C/Zebrin II Expression and Complex Spike Synchrony in the Cerebellum

Structure–Function Relationships between Aldolase C/Zebrin II Expression and Complex Spike Synchrony in the Cerebellum

Organization of Olivocerebellar Activity in the Absence of Excitatory Glutamatergic Input

Cerebro‐cerebellar projections from the ventral bank of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus in the cat.

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