Carbon-based materials are important
desirable materials in areas
such as supercapacitors and capacitive deionization. However, traditional
commercial materials are heterogeneous and prone to agglomeration
in nanoscale and have structural limitation of electrochemical and
desalination performance due to poor transport channels and low capacitance
of prepared electrodes. Here, we introduce the facile strategy for
controllable preparation of two types of hollow carbon-based nanotubes
(HCTs) with amorphous mesoporous structures, which are synthesized
by employing a MnO2 linear template method and calcination
of polymer precursors. The porous N-doped HCT (NHCT) shows a specific
capacitance of 412.6 F g–1 (1 A g–1), with 77.3% rate capability (20 A g–1). The fabricated
asymmetric MnO2//NHCT supercapacitor displays the energy
density of 55.8 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 803.9
W kg–1. Furthermore, two typical MnO2//HCT and MnO2//NHCT devices both show the selective desalination
performance of sulfate, and the MnO2//NHCT device possesses
a high deionization value of 11.37 mg g–1 (500 mg
L–1 Na2SO4). These fabricated
hollow carbon-based architectures with functional characteristics
promise potential applications in energy and environmental related
fields.