Electrospinning and electrically forced jets. II. Applications

Hohman, Moses M.; Shin, Michael; Rutledge, Gregory C.; Brenner, Michael P.

doi:10.1063/1.1384013

Cited by 673 publications

(536 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The increase of the current with Ca then becomes moderate; the current seems to level to a constant value, as in the experiments of Hohman et al (2001) and Riboux et al (2011), and even decreases slightly with increasing Ca (upper solid curves in figure la). At the same time, the radius of the jet increases and r s {x c )/a ceases to be small.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Hartman et al (1999) carried out experiments and numerical computations with ethylene glycol and nbutanol for various shapes of the injection nozzle and found that the exponent of the power law fitting their measured current for high flow rates is smaller than 1/2, and that the current depends on the shape of the electrode. Hohman et al (2001), in experiments with glycerol and polyethylene oxide (PEO)/water solutions in a parallel plate electrode configuration in which the injection tube protrudes from one of the plates, found that the electric current increases roughly linearly with the flow rate. The current also increases linearly with the voltage applied between the electrodes, except for very high voltages, for which the increase is faster than linear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electric current of an electrified jet issuing from a long metallic tube

Higuera

2011

J. Fluid Mech.

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This paper presents an analysis of the transport of electric current in a jet of an electrically conducting liquid discharging from a metallic tube into a gas or a vacuum, and subject to an electric field due to a high voltage applied between the tube and a far electrode. The flow, the surface charge and the electric field are computed in the current transfer region of the jet, where conduction current in the liquid becomes surface current due to the convection of electric charge accumulated at its surface. The electric current computed as a function of the flow rate of the liquid injected through the tube increases first as the square root of this flow rate, levels to a nearly constant value when the flow rate is increased and finally sets to a linear increase when the flow rate is further increased. The current increases linearly with the applied voltage at small and moderate values of this variable, and faster than linearly at high voltages. The characteristic length and structure of the current transfer region are determined. Order-of-magnitude estimates for jets which are only weakly stretched by the electric stresses are worked out that qualitatively account for some of the numerical results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric current of an electrified jet issuing from a long metallic tube

Higuera

2011

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…Hohman et al first presented a general theory for electrohydrodynamics applicable to the charged fluid jet that captured the competition between varicose and "whipping" instabilities. Significantly, for fluids of finite conductivity, a second varicose mode, dubbed the "conductive" mode, was identified [34][35][36]. The analysis of Hohman et al is valid for Newtonian fluids; the theory was subsequently extended to non-Newtonian fluids and nonisothermal conditions by several investigators [37][38][39].…”

Section: Electrospinningmentioning

confidence: 95%

Free surface electrospinning from a wire electrode

Forward

Rutledge

2012

Chemical Engineering Journal

145

110

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Electrostatic jetting from a free liquid surface offers an alternative to conventional electrospinning in which jets are emitted from spinnerets. In this work we analyze a system in which a wire electrode is swept (in a rotary motion) through a bath containing a polymeric solution in contact with a high voltage, resulting in entrainment of the fluid, the formation of liquid droplets on the wire and electrostatic jetting from each liquid droplet. Solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone in ethanol were used as test systems to evaluate each stage of the process.The volume of individual droplets on the wire were measured by photographic methods and correlated with the viscosity, density and surface tension of the liquid, and with system parameters such as electrode rotation rate and wire diameter. The local electric field in the absence of liquid entrainment was modeled using conventional electrostatics, and jet initiation was found to occur consistently at the angular position where the electric field exceeds a critical value of 34 kV/cm, regardless of rotation rate. Two operating regimes were identified. The first is an entrainment-limited regime, in which all of the entrained liquid is jetted from the wire electrode. The second regime is field-limited, in which the residence time of the wire electrode in an electric field in excess of the critical value is too short to deplete the fluid on the wire. The productivity of the system was measured and compared to the theoretical values of liquid entrainment. As expected, highest productivity occurred at high applied potentials and high rotation rates.

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“…In addition to this many material properties such as the intrinsic viscosity and bulk/surface charge density need to be determined experimentally before being incorporated into the models [32,[36][37][38][39][40][41]. Notwithstanding these difficulties, important models have been validated that describe different portions of the jet for selected materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reneker et al created a mathematical model to explain the whipping instability based on the rheological properties of the polymer solution and lateral perturbations [32,36,41,44]. Hohman et al developed mathematical models for three different instabilities and used the models to create operating diagrams for when electrospinning occurs [37][38][39]. Feng created a 1D model based on slender body theory to examine the role of nonlinear rheology on the electrically stretched jet [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning predictions using artificial neural networks

Brooks

Tucker

2015

Polymer

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Abstract:Electrospinning is a relatively simple method of producing nanofibres. Currently there is no method to predict the characteristics of electrospun fibres for a wide range of polymer/solvent combinations and concentrations without first measuring a number of solution properties. This paper shows how artificial neural networks can be trained to make electrospinning predictions using only commonly available prior knowledge of the polymer and solvent. Firstly, a probabilistic neural network was trained to predict the classification of three possibilities; no fibres (electrospraying), beaded fibres and smooth fibres with over 80% correct predictions. Secondly, a generalised neural network was trained to predict fibre diameter with an average absolute percentage error of 22.3% for the validation data. These predictive tools can be used to reduce the parameter space prior to scoping exercises. Graphical Abstract:Predicted versus measured electrospun-fibre diameter from an artificial neural network trained using data from 13 different polymer/solvent combinations from over 20 independent studies.

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Electrospinning and electrically forced jets. II. Applications

Cited by 673 publications

References 29 publications

Electric current of an electrified jet issuing from a long metallic tube

Electric current of an electrified jet issuing from a long metallic tube

Free surface electrospinning from a wire electrode

Electrospinning predictions using artificial neural networks

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