Electrospinning biomedical nanocomposite fibers of hydroxyapatite/poly(lactic acid) for bone regeneration

Abstract

Development of fibrous matrices of bioceramic-biopolymer nanocomposite offers great potential in the field of bone regeneration and tissue engineering. However, in order to produce electrospun fibers with homogeneous structure, it is essential for the ceramic powder to be fine and to remain stable in suspension. Herein, we developed a novel method whereby the bioceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) was kept in suspension in biopolymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The strategy was to introduce a surfactant hydroxysteric acid (HSA) between the hydrophilic HA powder and the hydrophobic chloroform-dissolved PLA. The HA nanopowder was dispersed effectively in HSA and mixed homogeneously with PLA. Continuous and uniform fibers were generated successfully with diameters of approximately 1-2 microm, and featured a well-developed nanocomposite structure of HA nanopowder-dispersed PLA. Initial cellular assays showed excellent cell attachment and proliferation and also enhanced expression of alkaline phosphatase at 7 days of culturing. The HA-PLA nanocomposite fibers may be potentially useful in tissue engineering applications, particularly as three-dimensional substrates for bone growth.

Calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials

“…One can also prepare these biocomposites by mixing HA particles with L-lactide prior the polymerization [312] or by a combination of slip-casting technique and hot-pressing [321]. A surfactant might be useful to keep the suspension homogeneity [322]. Besides, HA/PLA [251,252] and HA/ PLGA [253] microspheres might be prepared by a microemulsion technique.…”

Airbrushed Composite Polymer Zr-ACP Nanofiber Scaffolds with Improved Cell Penetration for Bone Tissue Regeneration

“…Once placed in an aqueous environment, these biomolecules are released and aid bone tissue regeneration. 6,21 Calcium, in various forms, is the main bone component essential for maintaining cell and tissue homeostasis. These ubiquitous ions are present in many cell organelles where they actively mediate energy generation, internal cell communication, cell movement, and even its final fate.…”

Fabrication and characterization of electrospun polylactide/β-tricalcium phosphate hybrid meshes for potential applications in hard tissue repair

“…Experiments have proven that the mechanical as well as biological performance of those bioactive hybrid materials can be efficiently controlled through using different particulate inorganic fillers and also through varying the amount of filler materials in the composite [24,25]. Examples for recently reported hybrid material combinations are poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/aTCP [26], poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLL)/aTCP [27], polylactide/DCPA [28], PDLL/HA [29] or polylactide/ CDHA [30].…”