Electrosprayed Hydroxyapatite on Polymer Nanofibers to Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteogenesis

Abstract

Electrospraying of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles onto the surface of polymer nanofibers provides a potentially novel substrate for the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into bone tissue regeneration. HA nanoparticles (4%) were electrosprayed on the surface of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers (420 ± 15 nm) for bone tissue engineering. PCL/HA nanofibers were comparatively characterized with PCL/Collagen (275 ± 56 nm) nanofibers by FT-IR analysis to confirm the presence of HA. Fabricated PCL/HA and PCL/Collagen nanofibers and TCP (control) were used for the differentiation of equine MSC into osteogenic lineages in the presence of DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone. Cell proliferation and differentiation into an osteogenic lineage was evaluated by MTS assay, SEM observation, ALP activity, ARS staining, quantification of mineral deposition and expression of osteocalcin. Proliferation of MSCs increased significantly (P ⩽ 0.05) up to 12% in PCL/Collagen (day 15) compared to PCL/HA nanofibrous substrate. ALP activity was increased 20% in PCL/HA by day 10 confirming the direction of osteogenic lineage from MSCs differentiation. PCL/HA stimulated an increased mineral secretion up to 26% by day 15 on ARS staining compared to PCL/Collagen nanofibers and showing cuboidal morphology by expressing osteocalcin. These results confirmed that the specifically fabricated PCL/HA composite nanofibrous substrate enhanced the differentiation of MSCs into osteogenesis.

Minocycline Loaded Hybrid Composites Nanoparticles for Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation into Osteogenesis

“…FESEM image of MSCs (Figure 8) showed that the standard cell structure on all the samples with more mineral growth on the PCL/SF/HA/MH particles. Cellular function such as adhesion and proliferation showing the preliminary stages of cell-biomaterial interaction, finally leads to differentiation and mineralization [29]. Furthermore, the gradual adhesion of cells in to the nanoparticles was observed and experienced enhanced cell-to-cell interaction with the formation of filapodia structure.…”

Propagation and Differentiation of Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells on Three-Dimensional Nanofibrous Scaffolds

“…The natural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are in the range of 50-500 nm and with the emergence of nanotechnology it is now possible to devise various polymeric scaffolds at nanoscale levels that mimic the in vivo state. The ideal scaffold should be biocompatible and biodegradable, have large surface area to provide better cell attachment, provide stem cell niches, and possess high porosity to facilitate exchange of nutrients and cell movement (21)(22)(23). Today, there are several different techniques of scaffold fabrication such as electrospinning, phase separation, particulate leaching, fiber bonding, and gas foaming (24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Controlled release of drugs in electrosprayed nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering

“…Diagrammatic representation of electrospraying and electrospinning system for fabricating PCL/HA nanofibers[36].…”