Electrospun Fibers Derived from Peptide Coupled Amphiphilic Copolymers for Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) Outgrowth

Abstract

Developing scaffolds with appropriate mechanical/structural features as well as tunable bioactivities are indispensable in the field of tissue engineering. This study focused on one such attempt to electrospin the copolymer of L-lactic acid (L-LA) and functional monomer (3(S)- [(benzyloxycarbony)methyl]-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, BMD) with small peptide modifications for the purpose of neural tissue engineering. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed fabricated electrospun copolymer as porous and uniform nanofibrous materials with diameter in the range of 800–1000 nm. In addition, the modified scaffolds displayed a lower contact angle than poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) indicating higher hydrophilicity. To further incorporate the bioactive functions, the nanofibers were chemically coupled with small peptide (isoleucine-lysine-valine-alanine-valine, IKVAV). The incorporation of IKVAV onto the electrospun fiber was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and such incorporation did not affect the surface morphology or fiber diameters. To demonstrate the potential of applying the designed scaffolds for nerve regeneration, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were cultured on the nanofibers to examine the impact on neurite outgrowth of DRGs. The results indicated that the fabricated nanofibrous matrix with small peptide might be a potential candidate for neural tissue engineering.

Recent advances in PLLA-based biomaterial scaffolds for neural tissue engineering: Fabrication, modification, and applications

“…The characteristics of PLLA-based materials include biocompatibility, biodegradability, tunable microstructures, and adjustable surface properties, which gives them advantages in the neural TE field. PLLA-based scaffolds can be fabricated into nanofibers to provide a support structure and an attachment site for nerve cells ( Gao et al, 2013 ; Qiang et al, 2021 ). The porous PLLA-based scaffolds produced by TIPS present good interconnectivity and cell permeability and provide a stable platform for drug delivery ( Salehi et al, 2019 ).…”