Electrospun Fibrous Sponge via Short Fiber for Mimicking 3D ECM

Abstract

BackgroundMost of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional (3D) network structure of micro/nanofibers for cell adhesion and growth of 3D. Electrospun fibers distinctive mimicked 2D ECM, however, it is impossible to simulate 3D ECM because of longitudinal collapse of continuous micro/nanofibers. Herein, 3D electrospun micro/nanofibrous sponge was fabricated via electrospinning, homogenization, short fiber and thermal crosslinking for 3D tissue regeneration of cells and vascular. ResultsFibrous sponge exhibited high porosity, water absorption and compression resilience and no chemical crosslinked agent was used in preparation process. In vitro studies showed that the 3D short fiber sponge provided an oxygen-rich environment for cell growth, which was conducive to the 3D proliferation and growth of HUVECs, stimulated the expression of VEGF, and well promoted the vascularization of HUVECs. In vivo studies showed that the 3D short fiber sponges had a good 3D adhesion to the chronic wound of diabetes in rats. Furthermore, 3D short fibrous sponges were better than 2D micro/nanofiber membranes in promoting the repair of diabetic full-thickness skin defects including wound healing, hair follicle regeneration, angiogenesis, collagen secretion. ConclusionTherefore, electrospun short fibrous sponges are special candidates for mimicking the 3D ECM and promoting 3D regeneration of tissue.

Activated carbon nanofiber nanoparticles incorporated electrospun polycaprolactone scaffolds to promote fibroblast behaviors for application to skin tissue engineering

“…As the effect induces directional migration of cells, the researchers presume that applying electroactive dressings at the wound site can be a promising approach healing the wound effectively. Electrospun nano ber mats are a kind of promising 3D wound healing scaffolds exhibiting air permeability, exibility, drug encapsulation, wettability, and mechanical strength [11][12][13]. It is noteworthy that the nano bers' surface properties can be tuned by the changes in solvent or polymeric composition, alteration in experimental parameters such as humidity, the distance between the needle and collector, and voltage, and various post-treatments to achieve effectiveness in tissue regeneration [14,15].…”